258 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 7 



6. Stem hirsute; rays bright yellow, 2-3.5 cm long; 

 stigmas subulate; pappus none; plants annual or 

 biennial; fields, roadsides, and open woods, com- 

 mon. June-Aug. [R. serotina Nutt.] Black-eyed 

 Susan R. hirta L. 



31. Echinacea Moench 



[Brauneria Necker) 



1. Leaves ovate to lanceolate, serrate or dentate, or the uppermost 

 entire; stem usually branched above; woods and thickets, not 

 common. July-Aug. Purple C>one^o-wQV..E. purpurea {h.) Moench 



1. Leaves oblanceolate or narrowly elliptical, entire; stem simple; 

 prairie soil, local. June-July. Pale Coneflower [E. angustijolia 

 sensu auth., non DC] E. pallida Nutt. 



32. Ratibida Raf. 



I.Rays spatulate-elliptical, 2.5-5 cm long; disk subglobose to short- 

 ellipsoid, shorter than the rays, becon:iing 1-2 cm long and 

 1-1.5 cm thick in fruit; stigmas subulate; roadsides and prairie 

 soil, common throughout 111. July-Aug. Drooping Coneflower 

 - R. pinnata (Vent.) Barnh. 



1. Rays oval. 1.5-2 cm long; disk cylindrical, equalling or exceeding 

 the rays, becoming 2.5-4 cm long and 7-10 mm thick in fruit; 

 stigmas short, obtuse ; along raih-oads, occasional ; adv. from 



w. U.S. [R. columnaris (Sims) D. Don] 



- R. coUannijcra (Nutt.) Wooton & Standi. 



33. Galinsoga Ruiz & Pavon — Peruvian Daisy 



1. Stem spreading-pubescent; rays conspicuously longer than the 

 disk-flowers; pappus fimbriate and aristate, about as long as 

 the corolla-tube; cultivated ground and waste places, first col- 

 lected in 111. at Chicago by W. S. MofFatt in 1891, now com- 

 mon throughout 111.; nat. from trop. Am. June-Oct. [G. 

 parviflora var. liispida DC; G. parvifiora of 111. auth., not 

 Cav.] Quickweed G. ciliata (Raf.) Blake 



1. Stem glabrous or nearly so; rays short, not exceeding the disk- 

 flowers; pappus fimbriate but not aristate, absent fi'om the 

 ray-flowers, as long or longer than the disk-flowers; cult, ground, 

 occasional; nat. from S. Am.; Urbana, in September and 



October, 1951, G. N. Jones, and several later collections 



G. parvifiora Cav. 



34. Helianthus L. — Sunflower 

 1. Plants perennial. 



2. Stem scape-like; leaves mostly near the base of the stem, oval, 

 long-petioled, the upper ones bract-like; sandy soil, chiefly in 

 the northern half of the state. July-Sept. [H. illinocnsis 

 Gleason] H. occidentalis Riddell 



