286 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 7 



5. Leaves glaucous beneath; fruit bluish, orlaucous, 2- to 5-seeded. 



6. Stem climbing, 1-3 m long; tendrils present; umbels 25- 

 to 100-flowered; peduncles in the axils of leaves; woods, 

 common. Apr.-Jime. Carrion Flower [S. herbacea sensu 

 auth., non L.] S. lasioncura Hook. 



6. Stem erect, 40-60 cm tall; tendrils usually absent; umbels 

 with fewer than 25 flowers; peduncle in the axil of a 

 bract below the leaves; moist woods, locally throughout 



111. except the southern counties. Apr. -May 



S. ccirrliata (Engelm.) Wats. 



131. Juncaceae Vent. — Rush Family 

 1. Capsule many-seeded, 1- or 3-lo(uled. with axial or parietal placentae; 



plants glabrous 1. J uncus 



1. Capsule 3-seeded, 1-loculed, with basal placentae; plants often sparsely 



pilose 2. Luzula 



1 . Juncus L. — Rush 

 1. Inflorescence appearing lateral, the involucral bract erect, terete, 

 simulating a continuation of the stem; leaves reduced to sheaths. 

 2. Stamens 3; perianth 2-3 mm long; anthers shorter than the 

 filaments; stems densely tufted; ditches and marshy ground. 

 Common Rush /. cffusus L. 



2. Stamens 6; j^erianth 3-4.5 mm long; anthers much longer 



than the filaments; stems usually arising singly from the 

 rhizome and growing in a row; shores and wet groimd in n. 



Ill '. ': ■ /. balticus Willd. 



1. Inflorescence terminal. 



3. Leaves flat (or involute) , not septate. 



4. Flowers borne singly on the branches of the inflorescence, 

 not in heads. 

 5. Annual; stem branched, the inflorescence more than half 

 the height of the plant; sandy soil, roadsides, or ditches 



throughout 111. June-Oct. Toad Rush .../. hujonius L. 



5. Perennials; inflorescence less than half the length of the 

 plant. 

 6. Capsule longer than the perianth ; leaves nearly terete. 

 7. Capsule greenish, usually slightly longer than the 

 perianth ; seeds cylindrical, the caudate appendages 

 half as long as the body; damp shores, rare; Ring- 

 wood, McHenry Co., Vasey (type coll.) ; Cook Co., 



Bebb: Winnebago Co. July-Aug /. vaseyi Engelm. 



7. Capsule reddish or castaneous, glossy, much exceed- 

 ing the perianth; seeds ellipsoid, merely short- 

 pointed, or obtuse; sandy soil, rare, n.e. Ill 



/. greenei Oakes & Tuckerm. 



6. Capsule shorter than or equalling the perianth, greenish 

 or pale brown; leaves flat or involute. 



