53. ROSACEAE 1 1 7 



4. Stems glaucous, recurved, rooting at the tips, not stolonif- 

 erous, with stout hooked prickles; inflorescence corymbi- 

 form, the pedicels prickly; fruit purplish-black; moist 



ground, common. May-June. Black Ra,spberry 



R. occidentalis L. 



4. Stems not glaucous, bristly-prickly, stoloniferous; inflores- 

 cence racemose; fruit red. 

 5. Stems with dense, shaggy purple hairs; roadsides, occa- 

 sional; introd from e. Asia. May- July. Wineberry 



R. phoenicolasius Maxim. 



5. Stems without dense, shaggy purple hairs. 



6. Pedicels and calyx glandular-setose; wet ground and 

 thickets, n. 111. May-June. Wild Red Raspberry. 

 [R. idaeus L. var. aculeatissimus sensu auth., non 



Regel & Tiling] R. strigosus Michx. 



6. Pedicels and calyx tomentulose and often with small 

 recurved prickles, not glandular; roadsides and near 

 dwellings; occasionally persisting; nat. from Eur. 



May-June. Cultivated Raspberry R. idaeus L. 



3. Leaves variously pubescent or glabrous, but not whitish- 

 tomentose beneath; fniit black when ripe, adhering to the 

 cone-like receptacle. 

 7. Stems erect or arching, mostly 1-2 m tall; petals 1-1.5 cm 

 long. (Blackberries.) 

 8. Stems more or less prickly, not bristly, the prickles not 

 numerous, confined to the angles of the stem. 

 9. Leaflets laciniate; panicle 5- to 30-flowered, prickly 

 and pubescent. Of European origin; cultivated, and 

 sometimes escaped to roadsides and waste places. 



June- July. Evergreen Blackberry 



R. laciniatus Willd. 



9. Leaflets serrate or lobed, not laciniate. 



10. Peduncles and pedicels with stalked glands, also 

 usually pubescent, and sometimes bearing small 

 prickles; inflorescence racemose, not leafy, usual- 

 ly standing well beyond the foliage, each pedicel 

 subtended by a bract; open woods, pastures, 

 roadsides, and along fences, common. May- 

 June. {R. villosus sensu auth., non Thunb., R. 



nigrobaccus Bailey] R. allegheniensis Porter 



10. Peduncles and pedicels pubescent and sometimes 



prickly, but without stalked glands. 



1 1 . Inflorescence elongate, racemose, leafy-l:)racted 



only at the base; young stems (primocanes) 



angled and grooved; thickets. May- June. 



Tall Blackberry. {R. argutus of auth., non 



Link; R. schneckii Bailey] 



R. ostryijolius Rydb. 



