356 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 7 



Glossary 



AcAULEsCENT. Stcmless or apparently so. 



AcHENE. A small dry, hard, unilocular, indehisccnt, 1-seeded fruit in which 



the pericarp and seed-coat are not fused. 

 AcicuLAR. Needle-shaped. 

 AcTiNOMORPHic. Radially symmetrical; regular; capable of being divided 



vertically into similar halves through two or more planes. 

 Acuminate. Tapering at the apex, and ending in a point or angle of about 



forty-five degrees. 

 Acute. Sharp-pointed; ending in a point or angle of about ninety degrees. 

 Adnate. United with a dissimilar part, as the calyx-tube to the ovary, or 



stamens to the corolla, etc. 

 Adventive (adv.). Transient, not native or fully naturalized. 

 Alternate. An arrangement of leaves or other parts not opposite or whorled ; 



placed singly at different heights on the axis or stem. 



Anastomosing (veins). Connecting by cross-veins and forming a network. 



Androgynous. Having both staminate and pistillate flowers in the same 



inflorescence ; in Car ex, with the staminate flowers above the pistillate. 



Annual. Of one year's growth; a plant that completes its life-cycle in one 



season. 

 Annular. In the form of a ring. 

 Annulus. a ring of thick-walled cells partly surrounding the sporangium 



of some ferns. 

 Anther. The pollen-bearing part of the stamen. 

 Antheriferous. Anther-bearing. 

 Anthesis. The time at which a flower opens; or the act of expansion of a 



flower. 

 Apetalous. Without petals. 

 .\PHYLLOPODic. With the basal leaves rudimentary or bladeless, as in species 



of Carex. 

 Apiculate. With a small point or apiculus. 

 Apopetalous. Having the corolla composed of several distinct petals; 



equivalent to the more common term polypetolous. 

 Appressed. Pressed close to the surface but not fused with it. 

 Aquatic Living in water; said of plants which live in water, either floating 



at the surface or completely submerged. 

 Arachnoid. Cobwebby; with fine, grayish entangled hairs. 

 Arcuate. Curved or bent like a bow. 

 Areola. A small angular space marked upon a surface; the meshes of cellular 



tissue. 

 Aril. An appendage or an outer covering of a seed, growing out from the 



hilum or funiculus; sometimes it appears as a pulpy covering. 

 Aristate. Awned ; tipped by a bristle. 



Ascending. Growing somewhat obliquely and curving upward. 

 Attenuate. Tapering to a narrow point. 

 AuRicuLATE. With car-shaped appendages (auricles) ; said of leaves having 



a pair of short obtuse projections at base. 

 Awn. a bristle-like appendage. 



Axial (axile). With the placentae in the axis or center of the ovary. 

 Axil. The upper angle formed by a leaf or branch with the stem. 

 Axillary. Situated in an axil. 



