Jones: Flora of Illinois 357 



Barbellate. With small fine barbs or bristles. 



Basifixed. Attached or fixed by the base, as an anther upon the filament. 

 Beak. A narrowed or prolonged tip; applied particularly to fruits and carpels. 

 Berry. A pulpy indehiscent fruit, formed from a single pistil, usually con- 

 taining one or more seeds. 

 Biconvex. Convex on both sides; doubly convex, as a lens; lenticular. 

 Bidentate. Having two teeth. 

 Bidentulate. Minutely bidentate. 

 Bienn'I.^l. Of two years' duration; a plant requiring two growing seasons 



to complete its life cycle. 

 Bifid. Two-cleft. 



Bilabiate. Two-lipped, referring especially to the corolla (or calyx). 

 Bipinnate. Twice pinnate. 

 BiPiNNATiFiD. Twice pinnatifid. that is, having the primary di\'isions of the 



leaves again pinnatifid. 

 Bract. A reduced or more or less modified leaf, usually subtending a flower or 



a cluster of flowers. 

 Bractlet. a small bract, particularly if borne on a secondary axis, as on a 



pedicel or even on a petiole; a bracteole. 

 Branchlet. a small branch or twig. 

 Bulb. A short thick bud or modified stem, usually underground, bearing 



fleshy scale-like leaves that are stored with reserve food. 

 Bulbous. Resembling a bulb. 

 Bundle-scars. Scars left in leaf-scars at time of leaf-fall by the breaking 



of the vascular bundles that pass from the stem into the petiole. 



Caducous. Falling off early, or prematurely, as the sepals of the poppy; in 



distinction from deciduous, or persistent. 

 Calyx. The outer perianth of the flower; a collective term for the sepals. 

 Campanulate. Bell-shaped. 



Cancellate. Marked like lattice, with lines crossing each other. 

 Canescent. With gray or whitish pubescence. 

 Capillary. Fine, slender, hair-like. 



Capitate. Aggregated in a dense or compact head, or head-like cluster. 

 Capsule. A dry dehiscent fruit composed of two or more carpels. 

 Carpel. A simple pistil or a member of a compound pistil; the ovuliferous 



organ of a flower. 

 Catkin. A bracteate, spike-like inflorescence bearing staminate or pistillate 



apetalous flowers; the catkin usually falls as a whole. 

 Caudate. Bearing a tail-like appendage. 

 Caudex. a short stem or trunk, usually the persistent woody base of a 



perennial herb. 

 Caulescent. Having a manifest stem above ground. 

 Cauline. Pertaining or belonging to the stem. 

 Cespitose. Growing in tufts; forming mats. 

 Chaff. A small thin scale or bract; particularly on the receptacle of Com- 



positae. 

 Chartaceous. Papery; having the texture of writing paper. 

 Chlorophyll. The green coloring matter of plants, occurring chiefly in 



chloroplasts. 

 CiLiATE. Bearing cilia, a marginal fringe of hairs. 

 CiLiOLATE. Minutely ciliate. 

 Cinereous. Ash-colored; light gray. 



