and new marine specimens, whose living bodies bear palimpsest 

 of an immemorial past. The principal deep-sea stations made by 

 the "Ara" were in the south China Sea and regions adjacent to the 

 Mindanao coast in Philippine waters. The scientific treasures of 

 this cruise, which are discussed in detail, in the foreword of the 

 respective systematic divisions of the reports, may be summar- 

 ized by stating that rare species and new ones are of common 

 occurrence, but common species are exceedingly rare. 



Material secured by the "Alva" Mediterranean Cruise, 1933, 

 which sailed from the "Alva" Base, Fisher Island, Miami, Florida, 

 via the Bermuda Islands, across the Atlantic to the Mediterranean 

 Sea, making collections at Santander and Almeria, Spain, Naples, 

 and Venice, Italy, and Casa Blanca, Morocco, is also included in 

 this Bulletin. 



The "Alva" South American Cruise, 1935. left from her Base, 

 Miami, made important deep-sea stations along the margin of the 

 Pourtales Plateau, securing several hundred valuable specimens, 

 many of which establish second records of Dr. Alexander Agassiz's 

 Echinoderm types, also of Dr. Alphonse Milne Edwards' Crustacean 

 types first collected by the United States Coast Survey steamer 

 "Blake," thence proceeded through the Panama Canal to the 

 Perlas Islands, where valuable specimens of Invertebrates were 

 taken, then swung south, in the path of the Humboldt Current, 

 exploring Ecuadorean, Peruvian and Chilean waters, which in- 

 vestigations yielded countless marine Invertebrate rarities, in- 

 cluding the rediscovery of several of "lost" species of Crustacea, 

 established by the Abbe Don Juan Molina, 1782, but so seldom 

 represented in northern museum collections that they have been 

 unrecognized by modern students. Other forgotten species redis- 

 covered by the "Alva" include Anomuran Crustaceans, collected 

 in the Chiloe Archipelago, Chile, first described by M. Guerin de 

 Meneville, in his report on the "Crustaces du Voyage de la Favor- 

 ite" (1835, also 1838). Brandt's rare Leptoline Medusa, taken 

 only twice since he described it a hundred years ago in the "Mem- 

 oires de I'Academie imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg" 

 from a station off the northwestern trend of the Humboldt 

 Current, was found lazily drifting in Valparaiso Harbor, Chile, 

 gigantic specimens, their crystalline blue bodies repeating the 

 beauties of Merton's exquisite color-plate. From the muddy bot- 

 tom of Reloncavi Inlet, Bahia de Cochamo, Chile, Dr. Alexander 

 Agassiz's rare Brisaster moseleyi, first dredged by H.M.S. "Chal- 

 lenger," was taken in abundance by the "Alva." 



