Kingdom Mychota [ 31 



2. Never producing cells with flagella. 



3. Cells dividing in more planes than 



one, growing to full size before re- 

 dividing; unicellular or colonial, not 



filamentous Order 3. Coccogonea. 



3. Cells dividing in one plane, and 



accordingly producing filaments; 



exceptional examples reproducing 



by budding (unequal division) or 



by repeated division into minute 



spores Order 4. Gloiophycea. 



Order 1. Rhodobaeteria Molisch Purourbakterien 27 (1907). 



Rods, spheres, and spirals, solitary or colonial, with red or green pigment, per- 

 forming in the presence of light and reducing substances a sort of photosynthesis in 

 which no oxygen is released. 



These organisms have generally been included in Thiobacteria, but do not include 

 Beggiatoa, the type of that order. Molisch divided them into two families, Thiorho- 

 daceae, aerobic, accumulating granules of sulfur, and Athiorhodaceae, microaero- 

 philic or anaerobic, not accumulating granules of sulfur. The green bacteria are to be 

 placed as a third family. The names originally applied to the families are not tenable. 



Family 1. Chromatiacea (Migula) nomen familiare novum. Subfamily Chro- 

 MATiACEAE Migula. Family Rhodobacteriaceae Migula; Family Thiorhodaceae 

 Molisch; the family does not include genera with corresponding names. Purple bac- 

 teria, aerobic, accumulating granules of sulfur. Chromatium Perty includes the or- 

 ganism of foul waters which was originally named Monas Okenii. It is a plump rod, 

 often bent, sometimes exceeding \0\Ji in length, monotrichous or lophotrichous. There 

 are a dozen other genera, rods, spheres, and spirals [Thio spirillum., which belongs 

 here, is to be distinguished alike from Spirillum, Thiospira, and Rho do spirillum), 

 solitary or colonial, motile or non-motile. Most of them were discovered by Wino- 

 gradsky. 



Family 2. Rhodobacillacea nom. nov. Family Athiorhodaceae Molisch. Molisch 

 named in this family a genus Rhodobacterium, but the name Rhodobacteriaceae had 

 already been applied by Migula to the preceding family. Purple bacteria, anaerobic, 

 not accumulating granules of sulfur. Molisch discovered all known members of the 

 present family. The method of culture was to place a mass of organic matter, for 

 example an egg, in the bottom of a cylinder of water (the original account specified 

 water of the River Moldau), cover the surface with oil, place in a north window, and 

 wait several weeks. This method yielded organisms which were assigned to seven 

 genera. Those of spiral form are Rhodospirillum. All others are by van Niel treated 

 as a single genus, which may be called Rhodobacillus Molisch {Rhodopseudomonas 

 van Niel). 



Family 3. Chlorobiacea nom. nov. Family Chlorobacteriaceae Geitler and Pascher 

 ex van Niel in Bergey's Manual ed. 6: 869 (1948). Geitler and Pascher (in Pascher 

 Siisswasserfl. Deutschland, 1925) did not place this group in a definite category 

 and name it unequivocally: they called it Cyanochloridinae or Chlorobacteriaceae. 

 Minute spherical or elongate cells with a green pigment different from typical 

 chlorophyll, anaerobic, non-motile, producing irregular or regular gelatinous colonies. 

 Chlorobium, Pelodictyon, Clathro Moris, with a half a dozen known species. Certain 



