82 ] The Classification of Lower Organisms 



Family 4. Lagenidiacea [Lagenidiaceae] Schroter in Engler and Prantl Nat. 

 Pfianzenfam. I Teil, Abt. 1 : 89 (1893). Lagenidium, Myzocytium, and Lagenocystis^, 

 with some twenty known species, attacking green algae, rotifers, pollen which has 

 fallen into water, and the roots of grasses. 



Family 5. Thraustochytriacea [Thraustochytriaceae] Sparrow op. cit. 115. The 

 single species Thraustochytrium proliferum Sparrow was found as solitary cells ex- 

 ternal on certain marine green algae and red algae which are penetrated by means 

 of branching rhizoids. Reproduction is by release of naked protoplasts which become 

 laterally biflagellate after a period of rest. 



Class 4. MELANOPHYCEA (Ruprecht) Rabenhorst 



Order Fucacees Lamouroux in Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 20: 28 (1813). 



FucoiDEAE C. Agardh Synops. Alg. Scand. ix (1817). 



Order Fucoideae C. Agardh Syst. Alg. xxxv (1824). 



Division (of order Algae) Melanospermeae Harvey in Mackay Fl. Hibern. 157 



(1836). 

 Series (of order Algae) Melanospermeae Harvey Man. British Alg. 1 (1841). 

 Order Pycnospermeae and tribe Angiospermeae Kiitzing Phyc. Gen. 333, 349 



(1843). 

 Class Fucoideae J. Agardh Sp. Alg. 1 : 1 (1848). 



Melanophyceae Ruprecht in Middendorff Sibir. Reise 1, part 2: 200 (1851). 

 Class Melanophyceae Rabenhorst Kryptog.-Fl. Sachsen 1: 275 (1863). 

 Stamm Fucoideae Haeckel Gen. Morph. 2: xxxv (1866). 

 Series {Reihe) Phaeophyceae Hauck in Rabenhorst Kryptog.-Fl. Deutschland 2: 



282 (1885). 

 Class Phaeophyceae Engler and Prantl Nat. Pfianzenfam. H Teil: 1 (1889), 

 Class Dictyotales Engler in Engler and Prantl Nat. Pfianzenfam. I Teil, Abt. 2 : 



ix(1897). 

 Classes Phaeosporeae, Tetrasporeae, and Cyclosporeae Bessey in Univ. Nebraska 



Studies 7: 288, 290 (1907). 

 CXdiSS Dictyoteae Schaffner in Ohio Naturalist 9: 448 (1909). 

 Subclass Melanophyceae Setchell and Gardner in Univ. California Publ. Bot. 8: 



387 (1925). 

 Classes Isogeneratae, Heterogeneratae (with subclasses Haplostichinae and Poly- 

 stichinae) and Cyclosporeae Kylin in Kungl. Fysiog. Sallsk. Handl. n. f. 44, no. 

 7: 91 (1933). 

 Filamentous or thallosc Phaeophyta, yellow to brown in color and living by photo- 

 synthesis, producing reproductive cells with paired unequal flagella. 



These are the typical brown algae. They are almost exclusively marine, being 

 abundant along with red and green algae on most coasts, and particularly abundant 

 farther toward the poles than the red and green groups. The lower brown algae are 

 branched filaments of microscopic dimensions, commonly epiphytic on other algae. 

 More highly developed examples are thallosc and anchored to rocks. Some of these, 

 particularly the ones whose English name is kelp, reach great sizes and considerable 

 elaboration of structure. Papenfuss (in Smith, 1951) gives the number of genera as 

 about 240, and that of known species as about fifteen hundred. 



^Lagenocystis nom. nov. Lagena Vanterpool and Ledingham in Canadian 

 Jour Res. 2: 192 (1930), non Parker and Jones 1859. L. radicicola (Vanter- 

 pool and Ledingham) comb. nov. 



