Phylum Inophyta [ 141 



practical necessity that a register of these observations be kept. The register is pro- 

 vided by the present group, one which is named, defined, and assigned to the category 

 of classes, and divided into named orders, families, and genera under which specimens 

 may be identified as of species old or new. Class, orders, families, and genera are 

 known not to be valid taxonomic groups; many of the ostensible species are known, 

 and most of the rest are believed, to be stages of organisms which would in other 

 stages have other names. Almost all of them are Ascomycetes; Zygomycetes and 

 Basidiomycetes do not usually occur in unidentifiable stages. 



The ascus-bearing stages are constantly being discovered. When this happens, the 

 species is re-named in its proper place among Ascomycetes. Theoretically, it loses 

 its place in the list of imperfect fungi; practically, it retains it, because the next 

 collector or plant pathologst is most likely to try to find it there. 



The system of Hyphomycetes is as follows: 



Order 1. Phomatalea [Phomatales] Clements Gen. Fung. 121 (1909). 

 Sphaeropsideae Saccardo Sylloge 8: xvi (1889). 

 Order Sphaeropsidales Engler in Engler and Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. I Teil 



Abt. 1**: v (1900), not based on a generic name. 

 Order Phomales Clements and Shear Gen. Fung. ed. 2: 175 (1931). 



Producing pycnidia. The four families correspond with as many groups of Ascomy- 

 cetes. 



Family 1. Phomatacea [Phomataceae] Clements Gen. Fung. 121 (1909). Family 

 Sphaerioideae or Sphaerioidaceae Saccardo; but Sphaeria belongs to order Sclero- 

 carpa. Family Phomaceae Clements and Shear (1931). Pycnidia hard and black as 

 in Sphaeriales and Dothideales. Phoma, Ascochyta, Diplodia, Septoria, each of 

 many species. 



Family 2. Zythiacea [Zythiaceae] Clements Gen. Fung. 128 (1909). Family 

 Nectrioideae or Nectrioidaceae Saccardo; but Nectria belongs to order Sclerocarpa. 

 Pycnidia in brightly colored stromata as of Hysteriales. 



Family 3. Leptostromatacea [Leptostromataceae] Saccardo Sylloge 3: 625 (1884). 

 Pycnidia in shield-like stromata, like the fruits of Microthyriacea. 



Family 4. Discellacea [Discellaceae] Clements and Shear Gen. Fung. ed. 2: 192 

 (1931). Family Excipulaceae Saccardo; but Excipula is a cup fungus. Pycnidia wide 

 open like the fruits of Phacidiea. 



Order 2. Melanconialea [Melanconiales] Engler in Engler and Prantl Nat. Pflan- 

 zenfam. I Teil, Abt. 1**: v (1900). 



The conidia borne on a stroma but not in pycnidia. 



Family Melanconiacea [Melanconiaceae] (Saccardo, without category) Lindau 

 in Engler and Prantl op. cit. 398, the single very numerous family: Gloeosporium; 

 Coryneum, C. Beijerinckii, the shot-hole of almonds; Pestallozia. 



Order 3. Nematothecia [Nematothecii] Persoon Synops. Meth. Fung, xix (1801). 

 Orders Dematiei, Sepedoniei, Tubercularini, and Stilhosporei Fries Syst. Myc. Order 

 Hyphomycetes (Fries) Auctt. Order Moniliales Clements Gen. Fung. 138 (1909). 

 Conidia directly on the mycelium, or none. 



Family 1. Tuberculariea [Tubercularieae] Saccardo Sylloge 4: 635 (1886). 

 Tuberculariaceae Saccardo (1889). Family Tuherculariaceae Lindau (1900). 

 Scarcely distinct from Melanconiacea, the conidia on a mass of interwoven hyphae 



