146 ] The Classification of Lower Organisms 



Sub-suborder Auriculariales. 

 Suborder Tremellineae, the basidia divided by longitudinal walls. 

 (At this point should appear Reihe Autobasidiomycetes, to include eight 

 Unterreihen of ordinary Basidiomycetes. The name Autobasidiomycetes 

 does not appear in the table of contents, the text, or the index of the 

 Natilrlichen Pflanzenfamilien; it was published in Engler's Syllabus, 1892). 

 Rearranging these groups according to current opinion, and suppressing the sub- 

 sidiary categories, one arrives at the following system of orders: 

 1. Producing probasidia or transversely divided 

 basidia, usually both. 



2. Probasidia, if formed, terminal on the 

 hyphae. 



3. Mostly saprophytic and producing 



gelatinous fruits Order 1. Protobasidiomycetes, 



3. Parasitic, mostly not producing 



fruits; the rusts Order 2. Hypodermia. 



2. Probasidia produced by rounding up and 

 deposition of thiclc walls by the gener- 

 ality of the cells of the mycelium Order 3. Ustilaginea. 



1. Without probasidia, the basidia divided lon- 

 gitudinally Order 4. Tremellina. 



1. Without probasidia, the basidia undivided. 

 2. Fruits gelatinous, basidia producing only 



two spores on stout sterigmata Order 5. Dacryomygetalea. 



2. Not as above. 



3. Basidia in a layer which forms with- 

 out protection or becomes exposed. . .Order 6. Fungi. 

 3. Basidia formed in closed fruits 

 which do not open to expose them 

 as a single layer Order 7. Dermatocarpa. 



Order 1. Protobasidiomycetes Engler in Engler and Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. I 

 Teil, Abt 1**: iii (1900). 

 Suborder Auriculariineae and sub-suborder Auriculariales Engler 1. c. 

 Order Auricularineac Campbell Univ. Textb. Bot. 175 (1902). 

 Order Auriculariales Bcssey in Univ. Nebraska Studies 7: 309 (1907). 

 Basidiomycetes mostly producing probasidia, th.^ basidia divided by transverse 

 walls, mostly saprophytic and producing gelatinous fruits. 



This order includes the family Auriculariacea [Auriculariaceae] Lindau in Engler 

 and Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. I Teil, Abt. 1**: 83 (1900), from which two or three 

 others have been segregated; about fifteen genera and about 125 species. 



Martin (1943) has discussed the name of the genus Auricularia and of its type 

 species. The organism in question is surely the Jew's ear, Tretnella Auricula L.; the 

 genus Auricularia Bulliard 1795 can have nothing else as a type. The right name 

 of the species is Auricularia Auricula (L. ) Underwood 1902. It is a saprophyte on 

 logs and sticks, producing flattened brown gelatinous fruits a few centimeters in 

 diameter, vaguely resembling human ears. There are no probasidia. Hyphae growing 

 toward the surfaces of the fruits produce a palisade of elongate basidia. Each basi- 

 dium becomes divided by transverse walls into four cells, and each of these sends out 



