Phylum Protoplasta [ 187 



saridae Rhumbler. Family Lagenaceae Lister. Walls calcareous, hyaline, perforate; 

 chambers planispiral in the earliest forms, becoming curved or straight in the major- 

 ity; orifice ordinarily of radiating slits, becoming reduced to a single slit. A numerous 

 group, Triassic to the present. Lenticulina Lamarck {Lenticulites Lamarck and 

 Crist ellaria Lamarck are synonyms) is Naiitilus-Vikt. Hemicristellaria and Vaginulina 

 resemble the sheath of a dagger; Flabellina and Frondicularia resemble fans; Glandu- 

 lina is shaped like a jug. Nodosaria is like a row of enlarging beads. Lagena is a one- 

 chambered form connected to Nodosaria by transitions, and evidently reduced, not 

 primitive. 



Family 10. Polymorphinida [Polymorphinidae] d'Orbigny. Families Polymorphin- 

 ina and Ramulinina Lankester ( 1885). Specialized irregular forms related to the pre- 

 ceding, as indicated by orifices of the same character. Polymorphina, etc., present in 

 the Mesozoic, abundant in the Cenozoic to the present. 



Family 11. Nonionidea [Noninideae] Reuss 1860. Family Polystomellina Lankester 

 (1885). Family Hantkeninidae Cushman. Shells mostly nautiloid, that is, plani- 

 spiral with successively larger chambers, a few of the highest trochoid; walls hyaline, 

 perforate; aperture generally a transverse slit. N onion Montfort {Nonionina d'Or- 

 bigny) and Elphidium Montfort [Geophonus Montfort, Vorticialis Lamarck, Poly- 

 stomella Lamarck, the apparent type of Foraminifera) are simply nautiloid; Hant- 

 kenina is ornamented with spines. Jurassic to the present. 



Order 4. Globigerinidea Lankester in Enc. Brit. ed. 9, 19: 847 (1885). 



Orders Rotalidea and Chilostomellida Lankester 1. c, both names having prev- 

 ious use in the category of families. 

 Order Rotalida Calkins Biol. Prot. 356 (1926). 



The main body of Rhizopoda with perforate hyaline shells, many-chambered, the 

 chambers primitively of the trochoid arrangement. 



Family 1. Rotalina Ehrenberg (1839). Family Rotalidea Reuss 1861. Family 

 Rotalidae Brady (1861). Family Rotalina Lankester. Family Rotaliaceae Lister. 

 Families Globorotaliidae, Anomalinidae , and Planorbidinidae Cushman. A numerous 

 family, including unspecialized forms, Globorotalia, Rotalia, etc., as well as degen- 

 erate and irregular forms, Piano pulvinulina, etc., and moderately specialized ones 

 with conical or disk-shaped bodies of numerous chambers, Cymbalopora, Planorbu- 

 lina, etc. Triassic, rare; Jurassic to the present, common. 



Family 2. Acervulinida Schultze 1854. Family Rupertiidae Cushman. A small 

 group of degenerate derivatives of the foregoing, the bodies attached, irregular, some- 

 times reduced to one chamber. Rupertia, Acervulina, etc.. Cretaceous to the present. 



Family 3. Tinoporidea Schwager 1877. Family Calcarinidae Cushman. Another 

 small group derived from Rotalina, the disk-shaped cells with a whorl of prominent 

 spines. Calcarina, Tinoporus, etc. Cenozoic, to the present. 



Family 4. Asterigerinida [Asterigerinidae] d'Orbigny (1839). Two genera, Asteri- 

 gerina and Amphistegina, diverging from Rotalina in having each chamber divided 

 into two by an oblique wall. Doubtfully in the Cretaceous; Eocene to the present. 



Family 5. Chapmaniida [Chapmaniidae] Galloway (1933). The numerous cham- 

 bers arranged in a low cone whose inside is filled with deposited solid material. Chap- 

 mania, Halkyardia, Dictyoconoides. Eocene and Oligocene. 



Family 6. Chilostomellida [Chilostomellidae] Brady (1881). Family Chilostomell- 

 aceae Lister. A few genera of reduced derivatives of Rotalina with few chambers. 

 Allomorphina, Chilostomella, Sphaeroidina, etc. Jurassic to the present. 



