Phylum Fungilli [ 207 



1. Producing resting cells protected by cell walls 



and not containing polar capsules; or not 



producing resting cells Class 1. Sporozoa. 



1. Producing resting cells whose walls consist 



(at least usually) of modified cells, and 



which contain "polar capsules" enclosing 



coiled threads Class 2. Neosporidia. 



Class 1. SPOROZOA Leuckart 



Class Sporozoa Leuckart Parasiten der Menschen 1, Abt. 1: 241 (1879). 



Subclass Gregarinida Biitschli in Bronn Kl. u. Ord. Thierreichs 1, Abt. 1: Inhalt 

 (1882). 



Class Sporozoaria and subclass Rhabdogeniae Delage and Herouard Traite Zool. 

 1: 254, 255 (1896). 



Legion Cytosporidia Labbe in Thierreich 5: 3 (1899). 



Subclass Telosporidia Schaudinn in Zool. Jahrb. Anat. 13: 281 (1900). 



Class Telosporidia Calkins Biol. Prot. 421 (1926). 



Class Telosporidca with subclasses Gregarinidia, Coccidia, and Haemosporidia; 

 and class Acnidosporidea Hall Protozoology 270, 271, 290, 301, 323 (1953). 



Sous-emhranchement des Sporozoaires, with classes Gregarinomorpha, Coccidio- 

 morpha, and Sarcosporidia Grasse Traite Zool. 1, fasc. 2: 545 et seq. (1953). 



Fungilli which produce resting cells protected by cell walls and not containing 

 polar capsules; or else do not produce resting cells. 



The nature of the organisms included in this class may be made clear by an 

 example, Goussia Schubergi (Schaudinn) comb. nov. [Coccidium Schubergi Schau- 

 dinn, 1900). 



Goussia is parasitic in centipedes. Infection is by certain spindle-shaped cells which 

 have a certain power of movement, and which make their way to the interior of cells 

 of the epithelium of the gut of the host. Each parasitic cell grows and becomes 

 globular; it becomes multinucleate; when the host cell dies and breaks up, the para- 

 sitic cell divides into many spindle-shaped cells which infect other cells of the gut 

 epithelium. 



Alternatively, a sexual process takes place. Some of the parasites emerge into the 

 gut and do not divide but function as eggs. Others produce numerous cells which 

 are more slender than the usual infective cells. These become flagellate, each pro- 

 ducing two unequal flagella, and function as sperms. 



The zygote becomes walled. Its nucleus divides twice. Each of the four resulting 

 nuclei becomes the nucleus of a walled cyst. The cysts are apparently formed by a 

 process of free cell formation: not all of the cytoplasm of the zygote is included in 

 them. In each cyst, two of the spindle-shaped infective cells are produced, again ap- 

 parently by free cell formation, excluding a part of the cytoplasm. The zygotes, with 

 their included cysts and infective cells, pass out with the feces of the host. If a centi- 

 pede eats one of them with its food, the infective cells are released to perform their 

 function. 



No feature of the life cycle described is peculiar to the Sporozoa as contracted 

 with other nucleate organisms. Nevertheless, largely by the authority of Schaudinn, 

 specialists in Sporozoa use an extensive system of special terms. A familiarity with 

 these is necessary to anyone reading about Sporozoa. They include the following: 



