210] The Classification of Loivcr Organisms 



Coccididae, with tribes Monosporea and Oligosporea, Biitschli in Bronn Kl. u. 

 Ord. Thierreichs 1: 574, 575 (1882). 



Order Monosporea Lankester op. cit. 854. 



Suborder Coccididae Delage and Herouard Traits Zool. 1 : 278 ( 1896). 



Order Coccidiidia Lahhe in Thierreich 5: 51 (1899). 



Order Coccidiomorpha Doflein Protozoen 95 (1901). 



Order, suborder, or tribe Eimeridea Leger in Arch. Prot. 22 : 80 (1911). 



Order Eimeriidea, suborders Selenococcidinea and Eimeriinea, and tribe Eimer- 

 ioidae, Poche in Arch. Prot. 30: 237, 238 (1913). 



Subclass Coccidiomorpha and order Coccidia Calkins Biol. Prot. 435, 436 

 (1926). 



Suborder Eimeridea Reichenow in Doflein Lehrb. Prot. ed. 5, 3: 921 (1929). 



Order Eimeriida Hall Protozoology 297 (1953). 

 Sporozoa living mostly within epithelial cells of their hosts, multiplying asexually, 

 the gametocytes not pairing before gametogenesis, the macrogametocytes producing 

 single eggs and the microgametocytes numerous flagellate sperms, the zygotes usually 

 producing definite walled spores. 



The organisms of the present order and the following are called coccidians. 

 Schneider ( 1881 ) classified them by the number of spores produced in each sporoblast 

 (i.e., zygote), either one, two, four, or many. Biitschli and Lankester gave due form 

 to Schneider's system. As between their names Monosporea and Oligosporea, the one 

 which included the typical example Eimeria is here chosen in preference to the one 

 which had page priority. Leger classified these organisms primarily by the number of 

 sporozoites per zygote, and distinguished eight families. Here, with the authority, 

 for example, of Reichenow (1929) and Kudo (1931), these are reassembled as one 

 family to which are appended three others including markedly exceptional or poorly 

 known forms. 



Family 1. Eimerida [Eimeridae] Minchin 1903. The typical coccidians. In 

 Eimeria Schneider {Coccidium Leuckart) the zygote produces four firmly-walled 

 spores each with two sporozoites. The spores are symmetrically ellipsoid and release 

 the sporozoites through a terminal pore. Species of this genus parasitize many verte- 

 brate hosts, rabbits, sheep, goats, swine, dogs, cats, chickens, turkeys, frogs, and 

 fishes. Some of the other genera differ from this as follows: Jarrina, attacking birds, 

 is distinguished by spores bearing the pore at the end of a brief neck. Goussia, in cen- 

 tipedes, has spores whose walls split lengthwise into two valves. The zygote of Iso- 

 spora, in mammals, including man, produces two spores each with four sporozoites; 

 that of Caryospora, in snakes, produces one spore with eight sporozoites. Barrouxia, 

 in various invertebrates, produces from each zygote numerous bivalved spores each 

 containing one sporozoite. 



Family 2. Dobelliida [Dobelliidae] Ikeda. The single known species, Dohcllia bi- 

 nuclcata, occurs in a siphuncuHd worm. It exhibits an exception to the characters 

 of the order: the male and female gametocytes become attached to each other; the 

 male gametocyte, however, produces many sperms, as in the generality of the order. 

 Family 3. Aggregatida [Aggrcgatidae] Labbe in Thierreich 5: 6 ( 1899). This fam- 

 ily is distinguished by hetcroocism. In Aggrcgata Ebcrthi, vegetative growth and 

 multiplication take place in crabs. When these are eaten by squids, the cells either 

 develop into single eggs or else divide to produce many sperms. The zygote produces 

 about twenty bivalved spores which pass out with the feces and infect crabs. The 

 number of sporozoites per spore is variable. There are several other species of Ag- 



