310 



CHARACTER OF OFFSPRING 



Japanese spaniel 



Pug 



French poodle 



Beagle 



organism in question will benefit. Will one 

 system of training make all individuals musi- 

 cal, or quick at figures, or skillful in ath- 

 letics ? If so, and if it is desirable, the system 

 should be investigated and applied to all 

 children. 



All of these examples, and others which 

 they may suggest, are proof that plants and 

 animals are influenced by what happens to 

 them. These differences that depend upon 

 the environment are known as variations. 

 Because they affect the body cells of the 

 organisms and not the germ cells they are 

 also called somatic (body) variations. They 

 affect the individual without affecting, to any 

 extent, the offspring of that individual. 



Ancestry influences development. The 

 careful farmer or animal raiser has learned 

 to select the seeds for his planting, or the 

 animals which he is to use for breeding. 

 Large seeds are more valuable than small 

 seeds, especially when a seed crop, such as 

 beans or peas, is desired. A healthy cow 

 that gives a relatively large amount of milk 

 is a more promising mother for good calves 

 than a cow that yields only a small quantity 



Collie 



Airedale 



English setter 

 All dogs probably originated 



