INDEX 



557 



Fermentation, during reproduction of 

 yeast plants, 250-251 



Fertilization, adaptations for, in plants, 

 293 ; double, 27S ; external and in- 

 ternal, 283, 288; in frog, 270-271, 

 283-284, 285; in higher plants and 

 animals, 268, 269 ; in plants, 277-278 ; 

 significance of process, 285 



Fever. See Yellow fever. Typhoid 



Fibrinogen, in blood, 143, 145, 148 



Fibrous tissue, functions of, 80-81 



Fibrovascular bundles, structure of, 70 



Filament, of Spirogyra, 32 



Filter passers, 393 



Filterable virus, 393 



Fish, care of young, 296 ; spawning of, 

 283-284 



Fission, binary, a form of cell division, 

 44, 247-248 



Fixation, of nitrogen, by bacteria, 407- 

 408 



Flanders, on intelligence testing, 239-231 



Flatworms. See Platyhelminthes 



Flax, useless parts removed by bacteria, 

 405 



Flowers, calyx of, 274 ; corolla of, 274 ; 

 essential organs of, 274 ; production of 

 female gamete, 276-277 ; production 

 of male gamete, 275-276 



Fluid, tissue, 165 



Foam theory, of nature of protoplasm, 54 



Focal infection, common, 478 ; defined, 

 174-175, 477; effect of, 477; pre- 

 vention, 478 



Focusing, miscroscope, rules for, 24 



Folds, in small intestine, 136 



FolUcle, hair, 173 



Food, bacteria in preparation of, 403- 

 404; definition of, 91; improvement 

 in quantity and quality of, 344-345 ; 

 manufacture in green cells, 36-38 ; nu- 

 trients, 91-104 ; of plant cells, 36 ; pres- 

 ervation of, 399-400 ; storage of, 71 



Food manufacture, in green cells, 36-38 ; 

 process of, 36-37 ; the products formed 

 in, 37-38 



Food nutrients, 91-104 ; table of, 94 



Foods, containing mineral, 96 ; contain- 

 ing proteins, 95 ; energy value of, 92 ; 

 fuel value of, 92 ; importance of, 91 



Formation of fruit, 279 



Fossils, formation of, 378, 381 ; state of 

 perfection, 381 



Four-o'clocks, heredity of, 320-322 



Freak. See Mutants 



Frog, breeding habits of, 282-283; de- 

 velopment of, 285-286 ; laboratory 

 study of alimentary canal of, 116 ; lab- 

 oratory study of internal organs, 114- 

 116; life history of, 287; produced 

 parthenogenetically, 271-272 ; produc- 



tion of eggs, 284-285 ; production of 

 sperms, 285 



Fruit, function of, 279 



Fruit fly, location of genes in chromo- 

 somes of, 312, 332 



Fuel, in plants, 37 



Functions, of green cells, 34-41 



Fungi, characteristics of, 33 ; classified, 

 518-519 ; meaning of, 33 



Galen, idea of circulation, 163, 164 



Galton, Sir Francis, application of statis- 

 tical method to study of human 

 hereditj' , 357 ; interest in eugenics, 

 355 



Galvanotropism, shown by amoeba, 46 



Gametes, female, 266 ; formation of, 

 264 ; male, 266 ; production in flower- 

 ing plants, 275-277 



GangUon, 210, 211 



Gastric juice, cause of flow of, 120 ; 

 composition of, 125-126 ; effect on 

 protein, 126; enzymes in, 128; func- 

 tions of, 128 ; laboratory problem, how 

 protein is affected b3', 126 ; secretion 

 of, 127-130 



Gastropoda, 523 



Gastrula, 286 



Generation. See Spontaneous genera- 

 tion 



Genes, change in character of, 339-340 ; 

 character of, 316; combination in sex 

 cells, 332-333 ; crossing-over of, 339, 

 340-341 ; definition of, 306 ; double, 

 331 ; functions of, 306 ; laboratory 

 problem to show possible combinations 

 in cells, 336-337 ; location in chromo- 

 somes of fruit fly, 312, 332 



Geographical evidences, of evolution, 

 habitats of animals, 385 ; Mongolian 

 Expeditions, 385-387 



Geological evidences, of evolution, 381- 

 384; fossils, 379, 381-382 



Geotropism, 203 



Germ carriers, 397-399, 454-455, 482 



Germ plasm, causes of variation, 336- 

 337, 339-342; continuity of, 336; 

 effect of environment on, 341-342 ; 

 theory of, 335-336 



Germicide, 402 



Germinal variations, transmitted, 312, 

 339-342 



Germination, 279 



Gigantism, cause of, 197 



Gilbert, W., influence on Harvey, 163 



Gills, tadpole, 287 



Gland, oil, 173; sweat, 171, 173 



Glands, ductless, 191-201 ; endocrine, 

 191 ; experiment of grafting, 201 ; 

 meaning of, 118; location in man, 

 192 ; location in a rat, 193 ; position 



