NATURAL AREAS AND REGIONS 



681 



3. Wallace, A. R. A narrative of 



travels on the Amazon and Rio 

 Negro, with an account of the 

 native tribes, and observations on 

 the climate, geology and natural 

 history of the Amazon valley. 

 Reeve & Co. : London, 1853. 

 Natural history of the Rio Negro, 

 Rio Uaupes, etc. The description 

 begins at Para, takes in the Tocan- 

 tins, and then describes the lower 

 Amazon, the Rio Negro and the 

 Rio Uaupes. 



4. Spruce, Richard. Notes of a bot- 



anist on the Amazon and Andes. 

 Being records of travel on the 

 Amazon and its tributaries, the 

 Trombetas, Rio Negro, Uaupds, 

 Casiquiari, Pacimoni, Iluallaga, 

 and Pastasa: as also to the 

 cataracts of the Orinoco, along 

 the eastern side of the Andes of 

 Peru and Ecuador and the shores of 

 the Pacific during the years 1849- 

 1864. Ed. by A. R. Wallace. 2 

 vols. MacMillan & Co. : London, 

 1908. Written as a natural history 

 account intelligible and inter- 

 esting to the layman as well as to 

 the trained scientist, with the 

 primary emphasis on the vegeta- 

 tion aspect (best in English). 



5. Whitney, Caspar. The flowing road. 



Adventuring on the great rivers of 

 South America. Wm. Heinemann : 

 London, 1912. This volume gives 

 a very true picture of the difficul- 

 ties of South American jungle 

 travel. There are several chap- 

 ters on the Rio Negro, together 

 with an excellent chapter on "Out- 

 fitting for jungle travel." 



6. Miller, Leo E. In the wilds of South 



America. Six years of exploration 

 in Columbia, Venezuela, British 

 Guiana, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, 

 Paraguay and Brazil. (Under the 

 auspices of the American Museum 

 of Natural History.) Chas. Scrib- 

 ner's Sons: New York, 1918. The 

 author's interests were primarily 

 birds. 



7. Orton, James. The Andes and Ama- 



zon. 3rd. ed. revised and en- 

 larged. Harper & Bros.: New 

 York, 1876. A much neglected 

 work containing a wealth of infor- 

 mation on the whole Amazon val- 

 ley, written in the language intel- 

 ligible and interesting to both 

 scientist and layman. 



8. Herndon, W. L. and L. Gibbon. E.x- 



ploration of the valley of the Ama- 

 zon, made under the direction of 

 Navy Department. 2 vols. 2 

 vols, of maps. U. S. Govt. Publ.: 

 Washington, 1854. Much meteor- 

 ological data are given. Pt. II by 

 the junior author is devoted to 

 explorations on the bolivian tribu- 

 taries of the Madeira. Most of 

 the report is presented in diary 

 form. 



9. Goncalves, Lopes. O Amazonas. 



Esboco historico, chorographico 

 e estatistico ate o anno de 1903. 

 The Amazon. Historical, choro- 

 graphical and statistical outline up 

 to the year 1903. In 2 parts, part 

 II being an English translation by 

 Richard Mardock of the Portu- 

 guese (part I). Hugo J. Hanf: 

 New York. 1904. This work has 

 chapters devoted to the fauna and 

 flora. 



10. Martins, K. F. P. von and A. W. 



Eichler, I. Urban, Editors. Flora 

 Brasiliensis. 15 vols. 40 pts. with 

 3811 pi. Munich and Leipzig. 

 1840-1906. 



11. Weberbauer, A. Die Pflanzenwelt 



der peruanischen Anden. Die 

 Vegetation der Erde. XII. W. 

 Englemann: Leipzig, 1911. Val- 

 uable for its geographical and 

 ecological treatment of the plants 

 of the eastern Andean slope. 



12. Herzog, Th. Die Pflanzenwelt der 



bolivischen Anden und ihres ost- 

 lichen Vorlandes. Die Vegeta- 

 tion der Erde. XV. W. Engle- 

 mann: Leipzig, 1923. Desirable 

 reference work for its geographical 

 and ecological treatment of the 

 vegetation of the eastern Andean 

 slope and adjacent territory. 



C. Islands in the Atlantic and Adjacent Waters 



1. BERMUDA 



The islands are located at approxi- 

 mately 32 N. latitude and about 900 

 mi. east of Charleston, S. C. The area 

 is approximately 50 sq. mi. The shores 



are fringed with mangrove and the 

 greater part of the island was probably 

 covered with species of juniper tree, 

 called Bermuda cedar. Cacti occur 

 in arid spots and sage brush springs on 

 denuded earth. 



