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NATURALIST'S GUIDE TO THE AMERICAS 



swamp, include the following: marsh 

 hawk, duck hawk, white-necked raven, 

 rough-winged swallow, and bank 

 swallow. 



14. WESTERN SMALL TREE AND SUC- 

 CULENT DESERT BIOTA (ARIZONA SUC- 

 CULENT DESERT, SHREVE) (WESTERN 

 DESERT SCRUB, IN PART, CLEMENTS) 



"A mixed stand of microphyllous 

 shrubs or small trees, either evergreen 

 or deciduous, and of succulent forms, 

 chiefly the stem — succulent cacti. The 

 leading shrubs are creosote bush and 

 cat-claw (Acacia) ; the commonest small 

 trees are palo verde (Parkinsonia) and 

 palo fierro (Olneya). The succulents 

 comprise large columnar forms (Car- 

 negiea), branching aborescent forms 

 (Opuntia), and many smaller types." 



Mammals include the black-tailed 

 deer (Ododoileus) , black-tailed jack- 

 rabbit {Le-pus californicus group), cot- 

 tontail rabbit {Sylvilagus audubonii 

 group), coyotes {Canis spp.), badger 

 (Taxidea), and many species of rodents. 



Breeding birds include the following: 

 killdeer, snowy plover, masked bob- 

 white, Gambel's quail, western mourn- 

 ing dove, white-winged dove, Mexican 

 ground dove, Inca dove, turkey vulture, 

 Harris' hawk, western red-tail, zone- 

 tailed hawk, Swainson's hawk, Mexican 

 black hawk, Mexican goshawk, prairie 

 falcon, Aplomado falcon, desert sparrow 

 hawk, Audubon's caracara, Arizona 

 spotted owl, Mexican screech owl, spot- 

 ted screech owl, western horned owl, 

 burrowing owl, road-runner, California 

 cuckoo. Chihuahua woodpecker, cactus 

 woodpecker, Gila woodpecker, gilded 

 flicker, Stephens' poor-will, Texas night- 

 hawk, Costa hummingbird, broad-billed 

 hummingbird, Arizona crested fly- 

 catcher, ash-throated flycatcher, oliva- 

 ceous flycatcher, buff-breasted fly- 

 catcher, vermilion flycatcher, beard- 

 less flycatcher, scorched horned lark, 

 bronzed cowbird, Sonora red-wing, Rio 

 Grande meadowlark, Scott's oriole, 

 orchard oriole, house finch, Arkansas 

 goldfinch, western lark sparrow, desert 



sparrow, botteri sparrow, rufous-winged 

 sparrow, Scott's sparrow, desert song 

 sparrow, Arizona cardinal, Arizona 

 pyrrhuloxia, western blue grosbeak, 

 beautiful bunting, Mexican cliff swallow, 

 barn swallow, phainopepla, white- 

 rumped shrike, Stephens' vireo, least 

 vireo, Lucy's warbler, Sonora yellow war- 

 bler, western yellow-throat, western 

 mockingbird, Palmer's thrasher, Ben- 

 dire's thrasher, Leconte's thrasher, 

 crissal thrasher, cactus wren, Baird's 

 wren, verdin, and plumbeous gnat- 

 catcher. 



Breeding birds preferring a moist 

 habitat, generally near a stream or 

 swamp, include the following: marsh 

 hawk, duck hawk, white-necked raven, 

 rough-winged swallow, and bank 

 swallow. 



15. MESQUITE SEMI-DESERT BIOTA 

 (TEXAS SEMI-DESERT, SHREVE) 



"An open or closed stand of small trees 

 and shrubs, chiefly deciduous, with 

 local areas of grassland and a represen- 

 tation of succulents. The dominant 

 tree is mesquite {Prosopis glandulosa) ; 

 the principal shrub, huisache (Acacia 

 farnestana)." 



Mammals include white-tailed deer 

 (Odocoileus texanus), wolf (Canis rvfus), 

 opossum (Didelphis marsupialis icxen- 

 sis), peccary (Tayassu), and armadillo 

 (Dasypus novemcinclus texanus). 



Breeding birds include the following: 

 killdeer, Mexican jacana, chestnut- 

 bellied scaled quail, Attwater's prairie 

 chicken, Rio Grande turkey, chachalaca, 

 red-billed pigeon, western mourning 

 dove, white-winged dove, Mexican 

 ground dove, Inca dove, white-fronted 

 dove, black vulture, turkey vulture, 

 Harris' hawk, western red-tail, zone- 

 tailed hawk, Swainson's hawk. Sennet's 

 white-tailed hawk, Mexican black hawk, 

 Mexican goshawk, prairie falcon, Aplo- 

 mado falcon, desert sparrow hawk, 

 Audubon's caracara, spotted owl, Texas 

 screech owl, burrowing owl, groove- 

 billed ani, road-runner, California 

 cuckoo, coppery-tailed trogon, Texas 



