192 



NATURALIST'S GUIDE TO THE AMERICAS 



erous forest with ravine, canyons, 

 hills, swamps, marshes, ponds, plains. 

 OrlRinal veRctation and animals. Lo- 

 cated in Miilnomah Co., Portland, 

 Ore.—//. B. Torreij. 



Rock Creek Poorest. A long stretch of 

 Douglas fir forest. Along Rock Creek, a 

 i)ranch of the North Umpqua River in 

 the central part of Douglas County, 

 northeast of Hoaglin.— W^. G. Van Name. 



Spencer Creek Forest. A long stretch 

 of unlogged forest, with quite large trees 

 in manv places. Along the highway 

 between Klamath Falls and Ashland 

 (Klamath and Jackson Counties), from 

 Spencer Creek (some miles west of Kla- 

 math Falls) to Pinehurst.— TF. G. Van 

 Name. 



Juniper Forest. (Deschutes County.) 

 Typical mature juniper forest with 

 sagei)rush, and antelope bush as the 

 deseft underscrub. About 10 mi. north- 

 east of Bend, and lying to the east of 

 the Bend-Powell Butte road.— If . E. L. 



High Desert and Sagebrush Desert. 

 (Lake County.) Large area of typical 

 sagebrush desert lying east of Butte; 

 has been grazed for many j^ears. The 

 traveler ant hills are common, other 

 animals are the jackrabbit and other 

 desert associates. 



On road between Burns and Silver 

 Lake via Wagontire mountain, no 

 water except at distant ranch wells. — 

 W. E. L. 



Yellow Pine Forest and Forest Floor 

 Vegetation. (Northern Lake County.) 

 (Deschutes National Forest.) Tj'pical 

 yellow pine forest with undisturbed 

 shrub associations also shows lodge- 

 pole pine areas. Location almost any- 

 where around China Hat or north of it 

 or on Sand Spring road. About 30 mi. 

 north of Fort Rock.— TF. E. L. 



Fort Rock Crater. A large amphi- 

 theatre shaped volcanic cylinder the 

 south side of which is open allowing 

 typical desert vegetation and rock bor- 

 der vegetation to come in. Has been 

 grazed. Situated about two mi. north 

 of town of Fort Rock in Lake County. — 

 W. E. L. 



Forest and Desert Tension Areas. 

 (Lake County.) Typical desert and 

 forest border shows succession from 

 sagebrush to yellow pine and Cerco- 

 carpus. About one mi . south of town of 

 Silver Lake just outside of the Fremont 

 National Forest.— IF. E. L. 



Sy can Marsh. (Lake County.) Typi- 

 cal central Oregon marsh of Typha, 

 Scirpus, etc., shows succession from 

 marsh to meadow to desert to scrub to 

 forest of yellow pine, also Cercocarpus 



and Juniperus. About 20 mi. south of 

 town of Silver Lake.^ — W. E. L. 



Silver Creek Falls and mountain stream, 

 glens and canyons in Marion County, Ore. 

 There are four beautiful falls ranging 

 from G5 to 180 ft. high on north and south 

 forks of Silver Creek. Typical mesophy- 

 tic canon and stream flora to the hill top. 

 l3ouglas fir forest. 



About 32 mi. east of Salem via Silver- 

 ton. See "Silver Creek Falls as seen 

 by the Mazamas" by W. P. Hardesty in 

 Mazama, vol. 4: 32-33, December, 1915. 

 —W. E. L. 



Climax Forest in Clatsop County. 

 Typical climax forest of cedar — hemlock 

 — Douglas fir — Thuja — Tsuga — Pseudo- 

 tsuga, undisturbed, situated on Inland 

 Double Loop Highway about 15 mi. 

 southeast of Astoria, Clatsop County, 

 Ore.— IF. E. L. 



Clear Lake and Big Spring, formed by 

 the filling in of lower end of valley by a 

 lava flow submerging the forest. Tree 

 trunks are still standing on the lake 

 bottom. Lake surrounded by a typical 

 Douglas fir forest of the Cascades. 



About two mi. from Fish Lake on the 

 Santiam Road over the Cascade Moun- 

 tains.— H^. E. L. 



"Hanging Valley." A beautiful 

 mountain valley on north slope of Mt. 

 Jefferson. Shows typical mountain 

 meadow and forest border, with groups 

 of trees throughout the park. Located 

 in Santiam National Forest. Hanging 

 Valley is partially protected by the 

 United States Forest Service. 



Reached by pack trail about 24 mi. 

 from Detroit.— TF. E. L. 



Mary's Peak in western Benton County, 

 Ore. Highest peak in the Coast Range, 

 typical coast range sub-climax forest of 

 Douglas fir and Noble fir. Shows forest 

 edge succession from alpine prairie, 

 protected and exposed slopes. The 

 alpine meadow has been grazed for a 

 long time and timber cutting is in prog- 

 ress, altitude ranges from 570 to 4097 

 ft. Pure mountain streams. 



Take autos for 12 mi. south of Philo- 

 math, thence trail west to base of peak. 

 —W. E. L. 



Lost Falls in Coast Range of Coos 

 County, Ore. Typical primitive Coast 

 forest of fir and cedar along Lost River. 

 See Scientific American, vol. 130, page 1, 

 4 figs., January 4, 1919, for further in- 

 formation and reference to Cape Horn 

 Falls on the Coquille River, where grows 

 the myrtle and the "Toe Head Falls" 

 on Camas Creek, all in Coos County, 

 Ore.—W. E. L. 



