208 



NATURALIST'S GUIDE TO THE AMERICAS 



All of the tj'pes of forest typical of the 

 Cascade Range may be found. The Sun- 

 set Highway is the main channel of 

 travel from the Puget Sound region to 

 Spokane and makes this forest accessi- 

 ble. Along the Highway is the Denny 

 Creek Camp ground. 



The headquarters are at SeattleJ from 

 which point the forest is accessible by 

 stage or over the N. P. R. R. to Darring- 

 ton or Monte Cristo, also points on the 

 main line of the G. N. R. R. 



Umatilla National Forest (Oregon and 

 Washington). The Umatilla is another 

 of the Blue Mountain group which covers 

 an area of 1,228,793 acres and ranges in 

 elevation from 3000 to 7000 ft. This 

 is a typical western j-ellow pine forest. 



The headquarters are at Pendleton, 

 OregonI and the forest is accessible by 

 stage from this point. 



Umpqua National Forest (Oregon). 

 The Umpqua Forest is one of the west 

 side forests in the Cascade Range and 

 includes 1,229,060 acres. The elevation 

 ranges from about 1000 to nearly 9000 ft. 

 on the summit of Diamond Peak. 



This is one of the heaviest timbered 

 forests and contains large, untouched 

 tracts of mature Douglas fir. 



The headquarters are at RoseburgI 

 and the forest may be reached by stage. 



Walloiva National Forest (Oregon). 

 The Wallowa is one of the Blue Mountain 

 group comprising 957,419 acres. The 

 forest contains some of the finest scenery 

 in Oregon along the Snake and Imnaha 

 Rivers. The elevation ranges from 1000 

 ft. in the canyons to nearly 10,000 ft. in 

 the peaks. 



The timber is typical of the Blue 

 Mountain group of western yellow pine 

 forests. 



The headquarters are at VVallowa| and 

 the forest is reached from there by stage. 



Washington National Forest (Washing- 

 ton). The Washington Forest includes 

 and area of 1,461,193 acres. It covers 

 the Cascade Range along the Canadian 

 boundary and ranges in elevation from 

 500 to over 10,000 ft. on the summit of 

 Mt. Baker. The rugged country and the 

 wide range in elevation makes possible 



all of the forest types and combines them 

 with the scenic beauty of the country. 



The headquarters are at Bellinghamf 

 and the forest is reached by stage. 



Wenatchee National Forest (Washing- 

 ton). The Wenatchee Forest includes 

 an area of 818,334 acres. The elevation 

 varies from about 1000 ft. to over 10,000 

 ft. on Glacier Peak, consequently all of 

 the forest types and mountain meadows 

 are included within the forest. 



Three transcontinental railroads, the 

 G. N., the C. M. & St. P., and the N. P. 

 cross the forest, and -t^he remainder of 

 the forest is accessible by stage. 



The headquarters are at Wenatchee. | 



Whitman National Forest (Oregon). 

 The Whitman Forest completes the Blue 

 Mountain group. It contains an area 

 of 1,313,523 acres and ranges in elevation 

 from about 3000 to over 8000 ft. 



On the high plateaus are some of the 

 best western yellow pine forests of the 

 Blue Mountain region, and the north 

 slopes contain the typical white fir-larch- 

 Douglas fir type. 



The headquarters are at Baker} and 

 the forest is accessible by stage. 



6. NATIONAL FORESTS OF THE 

 NORTHERN DISTRICT (1) 



By J. A. Larsen 



In Montana and Idaho north of the 

 Salmon River, the natural forest types 

 fall into altitudinal belts, the boundaries 

 of which vary according to aspect, de- 

 gree of slope and drainage courses. The 

 same forest type does not always occupy 

 corresponding elevations east and west 

 of the main mountain chains or principal 

 divides. It is therefore necessary to 

 treat this subject according to the differ- 

 ent topographic divisions, as follows: 



(1) The section west of the Bitterroot 

 mountains in Washington and Idaho; 



(2) Flathead and Bitterroot valleys 

 lying between the Bitterroot Divide and 

 the Continental range; (3) the Montana 

 section of the Great Plains culminating 

 in the high Yellowstone Plateau and the 

 main Rocky mountains. 



The lower forest line borders on the 



