338 



NATURALIST'S GUIDE TO THE AMERICAS 



almost pure stand of native species 

 {Nelumho lutea) at nearly the northerly 

 limit of its range. The only consider- 

 able colony of this species in New York 

 State, so far as known. In State-owned 

 waters and subject to reservation and 

 protection by the Conservation Com- 

 mission. 



Reached by Northern Central R. R. 

 from Newark on N. Y. Central R. R. to 

 Sodus Point, about 18 mi. — Dr. Homer 

 D. House, State Botanist, Albany, N. Y., 

 Mr. Alfred C. Weed, Field Museum, 

 Chicago, III. 



References : 

 17th Report of State Botanist, 1918. 

 (Photograph). 



Numerous State parks, monuments, 

 and protected water shed areas of minor 

 consequence as natural areas not listed 

 here. Many other larger or smaller 

 areas either within State parks (Red 

 Horse Chain of Lakes, Mt. Marcy, 

 Grasse River Bog, Bean Pond Bog in 

 the Adirondacks) or not specifically set 

 aside (Gardiners Island and Jones' 

 Beach, L. I.) might well be included in 

 the suggested natural areas for New 

 York State. 



2. Other reserved areas by Stephen Mather 



*Mohansic Lake Reservation consists 

 of 1100 acres in the town of Yorktown, 

 Westchester County. 



*Watkins Glen is a reservation of 103 

 acres in the village of Watkins and the 

 town of Dix, at the head of Seneca Lake, 

 containing a picturesque rock-walled 

 glen about 3 mi. long with many water- 

 falls and cascades. 



*Chittenango Falls is one of the 

 picturesque waterfall and gorge features 

 of Central New York. Gorge and hill- 

 side vegetation. Rare hart's tongue 

 fern. The spot is easily reached by a 

 good State highway from Cazenovia to 

 Chittenango. 



*The John Boyd Thatcher Park com- 

 prises 350 acres, lying on the crest of the 

 Helderberg escarpment in the towns of 

 Guilderland and New Scotland, in 



Albany county, cliffs, forest, small 

 streams and a beautiful lake. Go D. 

 & H. R. R. from Albany about 20 mi. 

 to Meadow dale. 



Jones' Beach, Long Island, New York. 

 Character: Ocean beach, sand dunes, 

 salt marshes and tidal flats and creeks. 

 Reservation should include as much as 

 possible of the beach (which has dunes 

 on the land side) and also areas of the 

 salt marsh and the adjacent tidal flats. 

 The area is especially adapted for pre- 

 serving the fauna and flora of such 

 localities and as a reservation for shore 

 birds. 



On south shore of Long Island, acces- 

 sible by motor boat from adjacent points 

 on main island, especially Freeport, L. I. 



Gardiner' s Island, Long Island N. Y. 

 Island in Peconic Bay, over 3 mi. in 

 greatest length; Main island; fine 

 woods, chiefly of oaks; breeding colony 

 of fish hawks; colonies of terns, and 

 skimmers breed on the detached islands. 



Reached by motor boat from Green- 

 port and Sag Harbor. — John T. Nichols. 



Carman's River, Long Island, N. Y. 

 Character: Harwood forest bordering a 

 fresh-water running into Great South 

 Bay near Brookhaven; forest of oak, 

 pepperidge, etc.; ducks and other water 

 fowl. River for a couple of miles begin- 

 ning a little south of Yaphank, and in- 

 cluding the adjacent w^oods, but would 

 not have to be wide. Reached by long 

 Island R. R. to Yaphank Station. — 

 George P. Engelhardt. 



7. PENNSYLVANIA 



By John W. Harshberger 



i. general conditions and original 



BIOTA 



Topographically the state of Penn- 

 sylvania is divided into five regions: 

 (1) south eastern coastal plain, a narrow 

 area; (2) the Piedmont or scattered 

 hills bounded on the west and northwest 

 by the Kittatinny or North Mountain; 

 (3) a middle region of symmetrical 

 mountains; (4) a western table land; and 

 (5) a northwestern table land. The 



