372 



NATURALIST'S GUIDE TO THE AMERICAS 



Map: East Cincinnati quadrangle. 



Five-Mile Creek Climax Forest]. (A4 

 and B4.) About 200 acres of virgin for- 

 est along upper part of Five-mile creek. 

 Beech forest on flatter areas at ravine 

 head; mixed mesophytic climax forest 

 with characteristic undergrowth on 

 gentle ravine slopes. Occasional steeper 

 slopes forested with oaks. 650-800 ft.; 

 rolling. 



Cincinnatil, 7.3 mi. east. C. G. & P. 

 traction; one mi. S.W. (w) Fruit Hill, 

 Hamilton County. — E. L. Braun. 



Map: East Cincinnati quadrangle. 



*Cincinnati Water Works Forest]. 

 (A4 and D5.) About 400 acres; climax 

 deciduous forest, flood plain, swamp, 

 springs, small brook (moderate). Fauna 

 of forest includes gray squirrels, skunks, 

 ground hogs, rabbits, many birds. 

 500-600 ft.; rolling, locally sharp. 



In Cincinnatit; C. G. & P. traction; 

 5 mi. north California, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

 — E. L. Braun. 



Map: East Cincinnati quadrangle. 



*Ault Park Forest. (C4.) 205 acres, 

 about half forested; small spring-fed 

 streams. Has a fairly good beech 

 forest; undergrowth considerably de- 

 stroyed through recreation activities 

 and "park improvements." 540-800 ft.; 

 rolling. 



In Cincinnati. — E. L. Braun, 



Map: East Cincinnati quadrangle. 



*Caldwell Park Forest. (B3.) 104 

 acres, about 75 in Avoodland; mesophytic 

 forest, flood plain forest; clay bluffs. 

 Stream badly polluted. 520-700 ft.; 

 rolling to precipitous. 



In Cincinnati, Millcreek Valley; § mi. 

 west Carthage. — E. L. Braun. 



Map: Cincinnati quadrangle. 



*Mt. Airy Forest. (B4, D3, H8.) 

 A municipal forest of 1131.43 acres, about 

 250 acres in woodland; part of this grazed 

 until 1912. Detached woodland areas 

 representing mixed mesophytic forest, 

 slope forests of mesophytic and xero- 

 mesophytic types; naturally reforesting 

 areas. Approximately 450 acres have 

 been reforested artificially with native 

 hardwoods and with conifers (including 

 C3^press and larch); about 130 acres is 

 tillable, and is used for raising hay and 



grain; of the remaining 300 acres, part 

 will be left open and a part reforested. 

 Streams small and intermittent but 

 typical of the Cincinnati Region. 500- 

 900 ft. ; rolling to sharp. 



Cincinnatit, 8 mi. northwest; within 

 city limits. — Edmund Secrest, C. H. 

 Meeds, E. L. Braun. 



Map: West Cincinnati quadrangle. 



12. INDIANA 



By Will Scott 



i. general conditions 

 1. Topography 



The southern two-fifths of Indiana 

 was slightly afi'ected by glaciation and 

 the northern three-fifths was covered 

 with the Wisconsin ice sheet. The 

 unglaciated portion is divided into 

 seven phj'siographic regions whose boun- 

 daries run approximately north and 

 south. Beginning with the east the 

 names of these regions and their areas 

 in sq. mi. are: Dearborn upland, 1925; 

 Muscatatuck slope, 1875; Scottsburg 

 lowland, 950; Norman upland, 2075; 

 Mitchell plain, 1125; Crawford upland, 

 2900; and the Wabash lowland, 4900. 

 Their names indicate the relative 

 elevations; the Dearborn upland is 

 about 1000 ft. above sea level; the 

 Wabash lowland is near 500 ft. The 

 Mitchell plain is the sink hole region of 

 the state. It together with the eastern 

 part of the Crawford plain, is the cave 

 region containing Wyandotte, Marengo, 

 Shawnee and other less notable caverns. 



The Tipton till plain is a ground 

 moraine with little variety in topog- 

 raphy. It occupies the southern half 

 of the glaciated area in the morainal 

 and lake region. This consists of a 

 small lacustrine area near Fort Wayne, 

 and the Michigan lacustrine area, the 

 Kankakee lacustrine area, the Val- 

 paraiso moraine and the Huron-Erie 

 Saginaw interlobate moraine. The 

 Michigan lacustrine area west of Gary 

 consists of several parallel ridges which 

 mark successive beaches of Lake Michi- 



