152 



SUBCELLULAR PARTICLES 



lOO 



PERCENTAGE OF ACTIVITY 



IN NON-LIGATEO LOBE ACID PHOSPHATASE 



SO - 



GLUCOSE - 6 - PHOSPHATASE 



CYTOCHROME OXIDASE 



12 



18 



\ 



\ 



\ 



\ 



\ 



\ 



\ 



\ 



HOURS 



24 



48 



Fig. II. Inactivation of enzymes in ischemic liver lobe. Ligation of vascular pedicle of left 

 lobe as described in text. 



according to Berenbom, Chang, Betz and Stowell (12), morphological and chemi- 

 cal changes are still very discrete. From the measurements of free activities it 

 could be concluded that this plateau corresponded to a release of about 80 per cent 

 of the lysosomal enzymes. These results are shown in figure 12. It will be noted 

 that the unsedimentable activities of the control lobes also showed a transient 

 increase, which appears to be related with the post-operative shock, since the 

 values reverted to normal as the animals recovered from the anesthetic. 



Similar measurements were performed on the liver of animals which had been 

 a) subjected to prolonged fasting, b) given a deficient diet according to Hims- 

 worth and Glynn (46), or c) injected with carbon tetrachloride; also d) on one 

 animal killed 8 days after ligation of the main bile duct. Striking changes were 

 observed in the total activities of some of the lysosomal enzymes. Cathepsin was 

 increased moderately in group b and two-fold in groups c and d; acid ribo- 

 nuclease moderately in group c and two-fold in group d; acid deoxyribonuclease 

 two-fold in groups b and c and more than three-fold in group d. In all groups, 

 the unsedimentable activities of all five lysosoinal enzymes were significantly 

 raised above their normal levels. A number of animals were killed in a comatose 

 state. In all these animals, the livers showed dramatic changes. The weight and 

 nitrogen content of the organs were reduced to about half their normal values, 

 their specific cytochrome oxidase activity to an even lower value. In contrast, the 



