PROBLEM I. The Kinds oj Animals oj the Earth 



Fig. 58 A praying 7na7itts 

 finishing her nest. How does 

 the praying ?}iantis resemble 

 the grasshopper? How is it 

 different? (selena johnson) 



45 



place of a second pair. They have mouth 

 parts of various kinds. Some lap up their 

 food, some chew, while others can only 

 suck. Common examples of this order 

 are the familiar housefly and the tiny 

 fruit fly- Small flies do not become large 

 flies. Increase in size occurs only in the 

 larval stage, and the larva of the fly is 

 a wormlike creature without wings or 

 legs, called a maggot. The mosquitoes, 

 gnats, and midges belong to this order, 

 too. 



Grasshoppers and their relatives. Be- 

 cause it is large, the grasshopper is a 

 good insect to examine more closely. 

 Grasshoppers are also called locusts, 

 especially in Europe and Asia. It is likely 

 that the locusts of Biblical times were 

 grasshoppers. See Exercises i and 2. 

 The grasshopper group (order) includes 

 among others the crickets, katydids, 

 cockroaches, and the praying mantes. 

 Ferocious as the praying mantis looks 

 it will do you no harm. It is the grass- 

 hopper that may well be afraid, for off 

 comes its head if the mantis catches it. 



tenno 



— Labial palpus 



Meta-meso-pro- 

 fhorax 



Fig. 59 In a grasshopper one can easily see head, 

 thorax, and abdomen. How many segments do 

 you see in the abdomen? The appendages of the 

 right side are shown. How inany are there of 

 each kind? The hind wrings fold up like a fan. 

 What ?mght be the use of the front wings? 



Grasshoppers are equipped with exceed- 

 ingly muscular hind legs. A grasshopper 

 is capable of a standing broad jump 

 fifty times the length of its body, while 

 man's latest Olympic record is only 

 about twice his length! One grasshopper 



