92 The Living Thifigs of the Earth unit 



11. What are the characteristics of the spermatophyte? Define the words 

 herb, shrub, annual, biennial, and perennial. 



12. What are the two main groups of flowering plants? How do they 

 differ? 



13. Bv ^\•hat other names are the cone bearers known? How do they 

 differ from one another aside from the difference in the cones? In 

 what ways do we use the cone bearers? 



14. Into what two groups are the true flowering plants subdivided? How- 

 do the leaves of most dicots differ from the leaves of most monocots? 



15. List small monocots that are an important source of food for us. List 

 two monocots that are trees. 



16. Define deciduous. What do foresters and lumbermen call the decid- 

 uous trees? List five families of deciduous trees that are widely spread 

 through the United States. What is true of the flowers borne by most 

 of these trees? 



17. What similarity is there between the species included in the rose 

 family? List one or more herbs, shrubs, and trees that are grouped in 

 this family. 



18. List some common relatives of the clovers. Of what importance are 

 they? 



19. List other families that include food plants. Mention the names of 

 plants in each. List members of the mint family. What is character- 

 istic of their stems? 



20. From what part of a plant is rubber made? What uses are made of 

 the cotton plant? Of the flax plant? Explain the importance of the 

 madder family. 



21. What is true of flowers in the composite family? List several com- 

 posites that are familiar as weeds or as food plants. 



22. Review briefly the groups of plants you have studied, starting with 

 the simplest and ending with the most complex. 



Exercises 



1. If you have the use of a microscope you will enjoy exploring water 

 collected from the surface of various ponds. You can easilv recognize 

 Spirogyra, and \()u will find a number of other threadlike plants. The 

 kind of green alga that grows on tree trunks is Frotococciis. Scrape 

 some onto a slide; tease apart the material you gathered; mount it in 

 water. How docs this plant differ from Spirogyra? 



2. Stuch the common field mushroom, Agariciis. This can be bought 

 in the niarl<crs dining most seasons of the year. What do you find on the 

 lower side ot the cap? 



3. To become ac(]uainted with various kinds of molds all you have 

 to do is Icaxc food exposed and they will come to you by themselves. On 



