MENDEL'S LAWS OE HEREDITY 



235 



Parent-forms (P 1 ) 



D(R) Hybrid-offspring (F 1 ) 



D?XR<5 or RiXDo 

 \ / 



3 I' 



1 R . Generation of inbred hybrids (F 2 ) 



iD + 2 D(R) 



D 



3D 



1 R R . (FJ) 



1 D + 2 D(R) 



D D 



D D 



3D 



1 D + 2D(R) 



I 

 D 



1 R R R 



R R R 



(F<) 



(Fs) 



carry with them the possibility of having offspring with the recessive 

 character; that is to say, the recessive character remains latent in 

 the inheritance. 



When these D(R)s are inbred (self -fertilised, in the case of peas) 

 they have offspring (F 2 ), some of which resemble the recessive parent, 

 while others resemble the dominant parent, and these occur in the 

 proportion of 1:3. When those resembling the recessive parent are 

 inbred, they breed true — i.e., they give rise to a line of pure recessives. 

 Those resembling the dominant parent are all apparently alike, but 

 their subsequent history shows that they may be divided into a set 

 which breed true to the dominant type and a set which behave like the 

 first generation of hybrids — i.e., they go on splitting up into dominant- 

 like forms and pure recessives. These two sets occur in the propor- 

 tions of 1:2. 



A case of peas. — Let us consider a concrete case. Peas with 

 rounded seeds were crossed with peas having angular wrinkled seeds. 

 In the offspring the character of roundness was dominant; the angular 

 wrinkled character had disappeared or receded. It was not lost, as 

 the next generation showed. 



The hybrid offspring, all with rounded seeds, were allowed to self- 

 fertilise. In their progeny roundish seeds and angular wrinkled seeds 

 occurred in the proportions of 3:1. Here were the recessives again, 

 and when they were allowed to self-fertilise they produced pure reces- 

 sives only, with angular wrinkled seeds. 



