262 



EVOLUTION, GENETICS, AND EUGENICS 



Figure 62 illustrates the situation and shows why all the individuals of 

 the F T generation are white. It is interesting to note further the 

 possibilities of white and red in the F 2 generation. They would be 



Red 



White 



© 



V 



Fig. 63. — Diagram showing some possible combinations in F 2 when Fi oi 

 Figure 62 is inbred. Individual on left end of upper set red-grained, because A 

 and C both present and / absent; other individuals in upper set white, because 

 lacking C or R or both; individuals in lower set with inhibitory factor and therefore 

 white, whatever other combinations of factors they may contain. (From Coulta 

 and Coulter.) 



numerous, since we are dealing with trihybrid ratios (see Fig. 63). 

 This does not exhaust the possibilities, for the cases given were 



homozygotes, each producing a single kind of 

 gamete. There remains for consideration the 

 heterozygote situation (see Fig. 64). 



The possible mechanism of the inhibitory 

 factor is as follows. We have assumed that red is 

 produced only when the enzyme is present to 

 oxidize the chromogen. Enzymes are very sensi- 

 tive; their activities may be affected or com- 

 pletely checked by various agents. Suppose that 

 / of the diagram be such an agent and the neces- 

 sary mechanism is apparent. When / is present R is paralyzed, so 

 that it cannot oxidize C. 



3. Supplementary factors. — A supplementary factor is one that is 

 added to a dissimilar factor, with the result that a character is modi- 

 fied in some way. 



