Carl G. Haitman 233 



suited; when the proportion was raised to io:i the combination became as 

 inert as APL by itself. The reverse proportion, lo units of FSH to i of Piolan 

 (APL), as used effectively by Evans and Simpson, might have been ideal.* 



Combined Action of Estrin and Gonadotropes. The small series of seven ex- 

 periments under this heading are, of course, not fully conclusive, but, since six 

 out of seven trials gave completely negative results, nothing can be said in 

 favor of the method used. Certainly congestion of the genital tract was accom- 

 plished by the estrogens in these experiments, as shown by the enlargement of 

 the uterus in most of the subjects; hence the idea which originally prompted 

 the experiment did not work out. The single animal (No. 217) which responded 

 excessively to the combined hormones differed in no essential from two nega- 

 tive cases (Nos. 215 and 220) similarly treated at the same time, except that 

 the estrogens were left out. The remarkable discovery of Pencharz," however, 

 confirmed by Simpson, Evans and co-workers," of the synergisms of estrogens 

 and gonadotropes in the hypophysectomized rat, would seem to demand 

 further experimentation with this method in the monkey. 



In the light of these findings we come back to the original method of Hisaw, 

 Fevold, and collaborators, namely using FSH to build up the follicles, then 

 following with an "ovulatory dose" of FSH to which LH has been added. 

 For women and the monkey female it seems that we must argue against the 

 use of APL (FoUutein and Antuitrin S and related products) except perhaps 

 in minimal qtiantity in connection with FSH which had been previously 

 tested in hypophysectomized rats. 



Thanks are due to the Squibb Institute for Medical Research and the research labora- 

 tories of the Abbott Company and the Upjohn Company for generous cooperation in these 

 experiments. 



REFERENCES 



1. Hartman, C. G.: in Sex and Internal Secretions, ed. by E. Allen (2d ed.; Baltimore: 1939), 



630. 



2. Fevold, H. L.: in Sc\ and Internal Secretions, ed. by E. Allen (2d ed.: Baltimore: 1939). 966. 



3. Smith, P. E., and Engle, E. T.: Amer. Jl. Anat. 40: 159, 1927. 



4. Heuser. C. H., and Streeter, G. L.: Contribs. Embryol., Carnegie Instn. Washington 29:15, 



1941- 



5. Hartman, C. G.: Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 63:351, 1938. 



6. Engle, E. T.: Amer. Jl. Physiol. 108:528, 1934. 



7. Engle, E. T.: Amer. Jl. Physiol. 106:145, 1933. 



8. Evans, H. M., and Simpson, M. E.: Endocrinologv 27:305, 1940. 



9. Pencharz, R. I.: Science (n.s.) 91:554, 1940. 



10. Simpson. M. E.; Evans, H. M.; Fraenkel-Conrat, H. L., and Li, C. H.: Endocrinology 

 28:37, 1941. 



Relevant Literature 



Allen, E., editor: Sex and Internal Secretions (2d ed.; Baltimore: 1939). 



Burdick, H. O., and Whitney, R.: Amer. Jl. Physiol. 132:405, 1941. 



Cole, H. H.: Amer. Jl. Physiol. 119:704, 1937. 



Cole, H. H., and Miller, R. P.: Amer. Jl. Physiol. 104: 165, 1933. 



Engle, E. T.: in Sex and Internal Secretions, ed. by E. Allen (2d ed.; Baltimore: 1939), 1003. 



