514 Pituitary and Carbohydrate Metabolism 



it possible to say whether increased peripheral oxidation is the sole explana- 

 tion of these changes. Evidence is available that a diminution of gluconeo- 

 genesis occurs in the diabetic states after hypophysectomy, and increased 

 gluconeogenesis is associated with the adrenotrophic and with the anti-insulin 

 activities of certain APE. Thus it is possible that the anterior pituitary pro- 



TABLE 4 

 Carbohydrate Levels in Thyroidectomized-Parathyroidectomized Rats 



duces some part also of its effects on carbohydrate metabolism by affecting 

 gluconeogenesis. Since the adrenal cortical hormone is now known to pro- 

 mote gluconeogenesis and since thyroid activity may also limit the rates of 

 this and other intermediary metabolic reactions, the roles of the thyroid and 

 adrenal hormones in metabolism must next be examined. 



The Thyrotrophic Relaiionsliip: One of the first trophic effects of the an- 

 terior pituitary to be established was that on the thyroid. In view of the well- 

 known effects of the thyroid on the metabolic rate of tissues, and therefore 

 presumably upon the rates of many metabolic reactions, it would be reason- 

 able to suppose that some of the effects of the anterior pituitary might be 

 mediated through this gland. However, few comprehensive studies seem to 

 have been made on the metabolism of thyroidectomized animals or on ani- 

 mals made only moderately hyperthyroid with thyroid hormone, so that it is 



