van Wagenen and Hamilton 591 



In both fetuses the scrotum was turgid and iranshicent. In fetus 80 the 

 end of the penis projected slightly beyond the cephalic edge of the scrotum. 

 The prepuce had not separated from the glans. 



The microscopical appearance of the ovaries, Fallopian tubes, and uterus 

 was in all essential respects like that of the female control, whereas the vagina 

 in terminating at the urogenital sinus was like that of the other pseudo- 

 hermaphrodite. Plate 7, figure 33, presents the most distal part of the vagina as 

 it enters the urethra, and at this level through the caudal lobe of the prostate 

 the arrangement of all the tissues is typically that of the male. The tissue of 

 the coUiculus seminalis is shown at a greater magnification in plate 7, figure 34. 



The scrotum was histologically identical with that of the normal male (pi. 



1' %• 35)- 



Discussion 



The type of masculinization produced experimentally in these female mon- 

 keys strongly resembled female external pseudohermaphroditism in humans, 

 such as is observed in the adreno-genital syndrome. Sex reversal did not occur. 

 Organs derived from the Miillerian ducts differ little in structure and position 

 from those of the control female fetus. Structures derived from the Wolffian 

 chicts, such as the vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts, and seminal vesicles, were 

 not developed as a result of the treatment employed in these experiments. 

 However, the hormone was not administered in any instance initil the end 

 of the sixth week, when the gonads may have been differentiated into ovaries. 

 This is probable since, in humans with their longer period of gestation, the 

 sexual character of the gonads is already morphologically identifiable at this 

 time. 



In the human female, glands corresponding to the prostate are found in 

 the fetus lying above the Miillerian tubercle and may remain as rudimentary 

 structures in the normal adult (Johnson'). Such structiuxs have not been ob- 

 served in normal adult female monkeys and were not present in the control 

 female fetus of this series. Following androgenic stimulation the prostate 

 glands of the female monkey fetuses developed to fidly the size of those in 

 the male fetuses. But in the human female pseudohermaphrodite the stimu- 

 lated prostatic tissue is said to consist only of outgrowths from that portion 

 of the urethra lying above the homologue of the vagina masculina or utricle 

 in the male (Young*). This is in sharp contrast to the growth of prostatic glands 

 in the masculinized monkey which arise both cranial and caudal to the 

 Miillerian tubercle. 



The nipple of the mammary gland was present in experimental as well 

 as control animals. In species such as mice and rats, in which the males do not 

 have nipples, females subjected to androgenic stimulation fail to develop 

 nipples (Hamilton and Gardner^). This suppression did not occur in the 

 androgen-treated female monkey fetus. 



