LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS 



167 



TABLE 7-1. 

 A. Heats of Combustion, or Fuel Values in Large Calories (kcal or Cal). 



3. Heat Given Out During Neutralization of Acid with Base at 25° C. 



C. Heats of Transition from One State to Another— "Latent Heats." 



-AH 

 Cal/mole 



Ice at 0°C to water at 0°C — melting 



Liquid water at 37°C to vapor at 37°C — vaporization 



'Mixtures, and therefore of no constant molei ular weight. 

 Note use of both small and large calories in thi table The large "fuel" calorie 1000 small calories de- 



fined with reference to ) « H_( ). 



Within the general framework of the First Law one can make some ob- 

 servations on the whole animal. The goal of the sum of all the metabolic 

 processes in the living system is to maintain the internal energy, TL, and the 

 enthalpy, JC , at constant values; that is, to maintain A °d = = A JC de- 

 spite the input of energy and the output of work. The attempt is alw.i\v 

 made by the full-grown living thing to maintain a daily balance between the 

 net energy taken in as food (q), and the work done (w). This work may be 

 external physical work, or it may be internal work such as transport through 

 the circulatory system, internal muscle movements of the heart and stomach, 

 chemical transformations, etc. . . . 



