334 



INDEX 



Temperature, and rates of processes of body, 



control and regulation of, 225 ff 

 Tensile strength, denned, of collagen, e.g., 



133 

 Therapy, 93, 256 {See also Ionizing radia- 

 tions, Sonic and ultrasonic therapy, 

 etc.) 

 Thermal conductivity, 225 



effect of radiation on, 245 

 Thermodynamics {See Energy, Bioenergetics) 

 Threshold energy and reaction rates, 197- 

 199, 201 (Table) 

 of nerve propagation, 306 

 Thymine, 149 



Thyroid, radioactive mapping of, 122 

 Tissues {See properties of interest) 

 Touch, 58 

 Transducers, 51, 58 

 Tracers {See Radioactive isotopes) 

 Transmission {See Nerve) 

 Transmission coefficient, 200, 231 

 Transport processes {See individual listings) 

 Troland, unit of retinal illumination, 87 

 Tumors, irradiation of, 62-65, 239, 256-258 

 Turbulent flow, in blood, 215, 216 

 Turnover of radioactive isotopes in humans, 



259 

 Turning, idealized computer, 296 

 Twilight vision, 87 



u— mobility of an ion in an electric field; 



;/ + for cation; u~ for anion 

 V — internal energy per mole 

 A U— change in internal energy per mole of 



reaction 

 l U — internal energy of system 

 A 'U — change in internal energy in a process 

 Ultracentrifuge, 137 

 Ultrasound, ultrasonics. 47 ff 

 medical applications of, 62, 63 

 physiological effects of, 60-62 

 {See Matter waves; Sonic and ultrasonic 

 therapy) 

 Ultrastability, in a computer, 296 

 Ultraviolet light, absorption of, 81 

 microscopy, 100 

 photosynthesis by, 91-92 

 sterilization by, 93 

 wavelengths and sources of, 79 

 Uncertainty in measurement and control, 



72, 298 

 Uracil, in DNA, 149 

 Urey, and amino acid tracing, 1 1 8 



-rate or speed; voltage 

 -volts 



V — volume; voltage or electrical potential 

 Y— specific volume (volume per mole or per 



gram) 

 U — voltage gradient 



van der Waals, forces between molecules, 41 

 van't Hoff, electrolyte theory of, 219-220 



reaction isotherm (formula) of, 185 

 Variables and variation, definitions, 9 

 Viscosity (inverse of fluidity; See Fluidity) 

 and measurement of molecular weight of 



macromolecules, 215 

 as a rate process, 214 



intrinsic, relative, and specific, defined, 215 

 Visible light {See Light) 

 Vision, color, 89-90, 277 



twilight, 87 

 Visual purple {See Rhodopsin) 

 Volta, on artificial electric organs, 263 

 Voltage clamp technique, on nerve, 266, 269 

 von Bekesy, on hearing. 57 

 von Neumann, on computers and the brain, 

 295 



w speed of an ion under an impressed 



voltage; weight; energy transferred by 

 electromagnetic radiation; angular ve- 

 locity of a centrifuge; physical work done 

 U' — work of expansion 



.ruy energy used per unit time in metabolic 



processes 

 Walking, heat lost while, 227 

 Walter, on EEG, 275, 304 

 Water balance, 36, 37-38 

 Waves, brain (EEG), 275, 304 

 in arteries, 35 

 induced in tissue by intense ultrasound, 



53, 60 

 matter (acoustic), 48 

 Maxwell's electromagnetic, 76 

 "of negativity," in nerve, 265, 306 

 pilot, de Broglie's, for orbital electrons, 72 

 Weber-Fechner law, in ear, 55 

 in eye, 89 

 in general, 299 

 Weightlessness, effect on rates of biological 



processes, 231 

 Wilhelmy, on mass action, 194 

 Work, chemical, of synthesis, 167 

 done by muscle. 167. 280-283 

 expansion, in a process, 165 

 external, A 5', 169, 171 

 internal, A iT' lnt , of body, 167, 169, 171 

 physical, 167, 281 

 {See also Energy, Bioenergetics) 



