HUMAN RACES 



167 



of any one. The whites and the negroes stand in general the 

 farthest apart. The yellow-browns are more or less inter- 

 mediate, but mostly nearer to the white than to the negro. 

 The more obvious and better known differences of the three 

 stems are given in Table i : 



Table i 

 principal characteristics of the main human stems or races 



Whites 

 (Caucasoid) 



Yellow-browns 

 (Mongoloid) 



Blacks 

 (Negroid) 



Color of skin (in the 

 living) 



Color of hair . 



Color of eyes (iris) . 



Conjunctiva. 



Hair of the head . . . 



Beard . 



Hair over Body. 



Hair in Axillae and 

 on Pubis 



Stature 



Head (and skull): 

 Cephalic index 



Height of Vault. 



Shape (aside of 

 cephalic index) 



Size (relatively to 

 Stature) 



Essentially "white" 

 (bluish or pinkish 

 white, to tan, brown, 

 and even near black) 



Lightest flax to 

 golden, or red, 

 through all shades of 

 brown, to coal black 



Pale blue to deep 

 blue, greenish, grey, 

 and all grades of 

 brown 



Bluish white to pearly 

 white 



Rich, long, medium 

 to fine, straight to 

 wavy, to curly. 



Cross-section oval. 



In males tendency to 

 baldness (under nor- 

 mal conditions). 



Tendency, both sexes, 

 to early greying, and 

 greyness often 



extreme (pure white) 



Moderate to rich and 

 long, slightly wavy 

 to loosely curly, 

 grows plentifully on 

 sides of face 



Moderate to pro- 

 nounced 



Moderate to 

 nounced 



pro- 



Moderate to tall (no 

 pygmies) 



Moderate dolicho- 

 cephaly to marked 

 brachycephaly 



Moderate to high, 

 (rarely low) 



Great variation 



Small to very large 



Essentially "yellow- 

 brown" (near- 

 white, to leather yel- 

 low and all shades of 

 brown) 



Dark reddish black to 

 coal black 



Medium to very dark 

 brown 



Yellowish white to 

 reddish dirty yellow 



Rich, long, medium 

 to somewhat coarse, 

 straight, to slightly 

 wavy. 



Cross-section round- 

 ish. 



Slight tendency to 

 baldness. 



Greyness but moder- 

 ate and later (than 

 in whites), and grey- 

 ness generally in- 

 complete (yellowish- 

 grey) 



Scanty to moderate, 

 straight to slightly 

 wavy, no beard on 

 sides of face 



None or slight 



None to moderate 



Short to tall (occa- 

 sional approach to 

 pyg mies) 



Moderate dolicho- 

 cephaly to marked 

 brachycephaly 



Low to high 



Considerable 

 ation 



Small to large (in 

 many groups some- 

 what smaller than in 

 whites) 



Essentially "black" 

 (yellowish brown, to 

 various shades of 

 brown to full shiny 

 black) 



Coal black to greyish 

 black 



Darkbrown to black 



Yellowish white to 

 very reddish dirty 

 yellow 



Bushy to scant, 

 medium to somewhat 

 coarse, thick curls to 

 scattered spirals. 



Cross-section elliptic. 



None or but slight 

 tendency to baldness. 



Greyness but moder- 

 ate and later (than 

 in whites), and grey- 

 ness generally incom- 

 plete (iron-grey or 

 yellowish grey) 



Moderate to fair, 

 loosely to closely 

 curly, grows moder- 

 ately on sides of face 



Slight to pronounced 

 Moderate 



Very short to very 

 tall (pygmies) 



Pronounced dolicho- 

 cephaly to meso- 

 cephaly, rarely 

 brachycephaly 



Low to moderate 

 (rarely above moder- 

 ate) 



Form characteristic, 

 variation limited 



Small to moderate 

 (smaller than in 

 whites) 



