HUMAN RACES 1 77 



such as the white and black, the children are generally an 

 improvement on the belated parent, though not equaling the 

 more gifted one. But the case is not seldom comphcated by 

 prejudice, social ostracism, poverty, and other factors, which 

 may .act adversely on the progeny of such a union. In many 

 cases affecting the whites and negroes in the United States, 

 moreover, the union has been a clandestine one, between 

 inferiors of both sides, and frequently aggravated by intoxi- 

 cation; the child is not desired, and whether at home or in an 

 institution is brought up under unfavorable conditions. It is 

 these social and disgenic agencies that frequently affect the 

 negro-white of mixed blood and give him a complex of 

 inferiority. 



When the question of mixture of parts of the same main 

 race, such as the White, is approached, it may be said most 

 positively that science has n^er been able to detect any 

 ill results, except again in individual instances and there 

 through collateral, social and economic, and especially 

 pathological conditions. 



All the larger units of the white race are composites. The 

 English have the blood of their neolithic ancestors, of the 

 Bronze Age invaders, of the Mediterraneans, etc., brought 

 in by the legions of Rome, of the western Germanic immi- 

 grants, of the Normans, of the Gallic and other French, and 

 of all the later immigration. The Germans are a third 

 Nordic, third Slav and third Alpine. The French are a 

 mixture of Gauls, Alpines, Iberians, Mediterraneans in 

 general, Franks, Brythons, Goths, Basques, etc. The 

 Spanish have Iberian, Gallic, Suabian, Vandal, Moor and 

 Basque blood. Even in Sweden and Norway there is plain 

 evidence of more than one population. A wholesale racial 

 (white) mixture has been going on for centuries in Europe 

 and in many other parts of the world, above all and more 

 recently in America, without any trace of damage. To look 

 upon such mixtures as detrimental, in this or any other 

 country, is scientifically unjustifiable. The biological indica- 

 tions, under normal conditions, are more in favor of than 

 against such mixtures. And what is true in this respect of 

 the whites applies equally to the yellow-browns and the 

 blacks. One of the most mixed of the yellow-brown groups 



