HUMAN RACES 1 79 



distrust of the less known. Nevertheless an "intuitive" 

 feehng of inferiority or superiority, subjective and obj-ective, 

 if generahzed and based on a prolonged direct experience 

 of one group with another, deserves careful attention. 



The scientific study of the relative values of races has two 

 separate resources. The first is the circumstantial and 

 indirect observations, the second that of direct evidence 

 and examination. 



The circumstantial and indirect evidence of a race is that 

 of its origin and antiquity; of its environmental history; 

 of its cultural past and present; and of its relative position 

 in regard to and esteem by other races. The direct evidence 

 is that of the demography, pathology, character, and 

 potentiahties of the race, as shown under trained and 

 unbiased observation; while the examinations are those of 

 modern anthropology and psychology. 



The indirect evidence leads to suggestive inductions, some 

 of which are already known to be facts. 



Races that have been subjected for a long time in their 

 past to malarial or other infections and survive, must have 

 acquired more or less of immunity against these infections 

 which is lacking in other races — and such Medicine has found 

 to be the case. Such races have therefore gained a certain vital 

 advantage, but this only at the cost of prolonged suffering 

 which was adverse to intellectual advance. It is an old 

 truism that a malarial region breeds few talents; and the 

 same may be applied to all chronic blood infections. It could 

 not be expected therefore that two human groups, one 

 living in a wholesome and the other in a malarial region could 

 progress equally and retain the same standards. The affected 

 group would become belated. 



The development of intellectual differences would similarly 

 be favored by non-pathological factors which, on one side, 

 would lastingly be of stimulative or favorable nature, 

 while in the other case the stimulation would be largely 

 lacking, to which might be joined unfavorable affects of 

 various nature, such as the development of repressive Ideas 

 and habits (superstitions, slavery, cannibalism, etc.). 



All these conditions have been realized, particularly as 

 between the races of the northern temperate zone and those 



