488 HUMAN BIOLOGY 



conditions and possibilities that is indispensable to social 

 direction; confusion automatically piles up. 



The foregoing bare outHne emphasizes the point originally 

 made. The standing problem of education is interaction 

 of biological native factors with the factors that constitute 

 culture in its broad sense: that is, the achievements and 

 aspirations that actually obtain in the society within and 

 for which individuals are educated. The essential point is 

 that instead of conceiving nature and nurture as competitive 

 rivals, we should treat nurture as the means by which nature 

 and culture are brought into the fullest harmonious relation- 

 ship with each other. This problem, which is the problem 

 of securing the free satisfaction of individuals together 

 with social order and progress, is equally that of both 

 social hfe and education. 



REFERENCES 



Galton, Sir F. 1883. Inquiries into Human Faculty and its Development. 



N. Y., Macmillan. 

 FiSKE, J. 1899. Essay on The Part Played by Infancy in Human Evolution. 



In: A Century of Science, and Other Essays. Bost., Houghton, Mifflin. 

 Thorndike, E. L. 1913. Educational Psychology. N. Y., Teachers College. 



3 vols., see especially the first: The Original Nature of Man. 

 Dewey, J. 19 16. School and Society. Univ. Chicago Press. 



1916. Democracy and Education, N. Y., Macmillan. 

 KiLPATRiCK, W. H. 1927. Education for a Changing Civilization. N. Y., 



Macmillan. 

 Hart, J. K. 1918. Democracy in Education. N. Y., Century. 

 Bode, B. H. 1927. Modern Educational Theories. N. Y., Macmillan. 



1920. Fundamentals in Education. Macmillan. 

 Miller, H. L., and Hargreaves, R. T. 1922. The Self-Directed School. N. Y., 



Scribner's. 



