564 HUMAN BIOLOGY 



native language and are, thus, cut off from transacting 

 business with the natives. Serious temperamental conflicts 

 seem to occur in their emotional life. 



8. Scandinavian-Lapp. Among the European races, one 

 crossing that has been most thoroughly studied is that 

 between the Lapps and the Scandinavians. Mjoen finds that 

 the hybrids are non-resistant to tuberculosis, feebly inhibited 

 to alcohol and show an unusual amount of psychic dis- 

 turbance and criminaHstic behavior. Dr. Halfdan Bryn, 

 the anthropologist, hkewise states that he has a firm 

 impression that crossing between Lapps and Norwegians is 

 especially bad for both parties. He cites the large number 

 of cases of congenital dislocation of the hip and suggests that 

 this is due to disharmony between the pelvis and the head 

 of the femur. Lundborg also finds the Lapp-Swedish crosses 

 to be especially susceptible to tuberculosis. 



This survey of the results of race crossing leads to the 

 conclusion that there is no single rule that applies to all 

 racial hybrids. Some of them, like the French Canadian- 

 Indian hybrids and the Chinese-Hawaiian seem to show 

 hybrid vigor; others, like the Eurasians, show an enfeeble- 

 ment. Some are devoid of beauty of form and figure while 

 others, like the Javanese-European crosses, are characterized 

 by comeliness and grace. The most widespread physical 

 defect seems to be a liability to tuberculosis, although it is 

 possible that this is due to a persisting lack of resistance, 

 inherited from the more primitive race, and contact with 

 European carriers of the disease. The most serious defect 

 found in hybrids is perhaps the bad behavior of Philippino 

 hybrids and the negro-white crosses, apparently due to 

 conflicting instincts. 



In regard to variability of hybrids, there has come to be a 

 difference of opinion. Herskovits has found a low variability 

 of the negro-white hybrids in respect to stature, height of 

 nose and cephalic index. These are, however, characteristics 

 in which the negroes and the whites are not strikingly 

 dissimilar and, therefore, a high degree of variability is not 

 necessarily to be expected. On the other hand, it is clear that 

 in features which are most unlike in the parental races, 

 hybrids are most variable; as, for instance, in the skin color 



