178 



PAUL C. MANGELSDORF 



mero Toluqueno and Cacahuazintle in a large number of characteristics. They 

 also show how closely a recently-made hybrid of these two ancient races re- 

 sembles the suspected hybrid race, Conico. Ears of the three races and the 

 hybrid are illustrated in Figure 11.1. 



The hybrid race, Conico, has in turn been the ancestor of still more complex 

 hybrid races. A Modern Incipient race, Chalqueho, which has originated in his- 

 torical times in the vicinity of the village of Chalco in the Valley of Mexico, 



TABLE 11.1 

 COMPARISON OF CONICO WITH ITS PUTATIVE PARENTS* 



Characters 



Ears and plants: 



Ear diameter, mm 



No. rows grain 



Width kernels, mm 



Thickness kernels, mm 



Diameter peduncle, mm 



Length ear, cm 



Height plant, cm 



Tillering index 



Pilosity score 



Internal ear characters: 



Ear diameter, mm 



Cob diameter, mm 



Rachis diameter, mm 



Length kernels, mm 



Estimated rachilla length, mm 



Cob/rachis index 



Glume/kernel index 



Rachilla/kernel index 



Pedicel hairs score 



Rachis flap score 



Races 



Palomero 

 Toluqueno 



37.1 

 21.8 

 4.6 

 2.8 

 8.0 

 9.8 

 175 

 .26 

 3 



34.0 

 19.5 

 10.4 

 11.4 

 .4 

 1.88 



.40 

 .04 





 



Fi 

 Hybrid 



Conico 



45.2 

 18.6 

 6.8 

 3.6 

 9.2 

 11.8 

 200 

 .35 

 4 



45.1 



15.7 



7.4 



3.9 



9.8 



12.6 



193 



.22 

 3-4 



42.4 



19.0 



9.6 



14.8 

 1.6 

 1.98 

 .32 

 .11 

 2-4 



2-3 



Cacahua- 

 zintle 



53.2 

 16.2 

 9.8 

 5.3 

 10.6 

 14.7 

 210 

 .39 

 4 



47.0 

 27.7 

 11.7 

 14.0 



3.6 



2.37 

 .57 

 .26 



4 



3 



* After Wellhausen el al. 



is undoubtedly the product of hybridizing Conico with Tuxpeiio, a pro- 

 ductive lowland race of the Prehistoric Mestizo group. Since Tuxpeno is 

 itself a hybrid, the postulated pedigree for Chalqueno, which is shown in 

 Figure 11.2, becomes quite complex. 



In the pedigree of Tuxpeno a distinction has been made (by employing 

 different styles of type) between the facts which are well-established and 

 those which are largely based upon inference. There is little doubt that 

 Conico is a hybrid of Palomero Toluqueno and Cacahuazintle, or that Chal- 

 queno is a hybrid of Conico and Tuxpeno. There is little doubt that Tuxpeno 

 is a hybrid derivative of Tepecintle, but it is not certain that the other par- 

 ent is Olotillo, although this is the best guess which can be made with the 



