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cocoonn upon the lower surfaces of the leaves, through which the pupae can be easily 

 seen (Fig. 5 — e). These cocoons are open at each end. The pupa? (Fig. 5 — d) are 

 very pretty objects, being white with conspicuous black lines down the back and 

 sides. In some specimens, however, these lines are entirely wanting, while in others 

 they are so wide as almost to cover the whole chrysalis. The sheaths of the legs, 

 tongue and antennae are also dark coloured. 



Fig. -5. 



Fig. 5 is by Prof. C. V. Riley, who kindly lent me the figure. 



The perfect moth is a beautiful, slender little creature, very variable in size 

 and markings. A well marked example is shown in Prof. Eiley's excellent enlarged 

 tnaure above. The actual size of the moth is shown b}^ the crossed hair-line beneath. 

 The general colour is ashy-gray, with the light stripe of somewhat diamond-shaped 

 marks on the back, more or less distinct, and in some specimens almost or quite 

 wanting, as shown at g. The upper wings are freckled with black dots and small 

 blotches of yellowish scales. The inner iri-egular margin of the light stripe is 

 bordered with clear white, and is shaded outside with rich brown, which extends up 

 the middle area of the wing to the end. The legs and body are silvery gray and the 

 antennae or feelers white, ringed with black. 



Theie are two or three broods of this insect in the year. At Ottawa, Ont., 

 the first moths were taken July 1, 1889, the only year I have ever found it here. 

 Moths were also found through August and September, and the larvae into Novem- 

 ber; the last brood passes the winter in the pupa state. Moths were first seen in 

 Victoria, V. I., in 1885, in the month of May when I found it a most troublesome 

 pest. Caterpillars taken at Regina, N. W. T., in the first week of August, did not 

 emerge at Ottawa until the next spring ; but a large number sent from Indian Head, 

 N. W. T., at the end of last August, emerged during the next month. 



This moth is said to have been imported into America from Europe ; but is 

 found in various parts of the world besides. A peculiarity of its occurrence is in the 

 enormous numbers in which it sometimes appears and then as suddenly disappears 

 entirely and is not seen again for several seasons. In 1885 it was most abundant at 

 Victoria, but has not been reported since. In 1887 at Eegina in Captain Deane's 

 garden cabbages were almost destroyed. In Winnipeg, in 1885, it was a serious pest, 

 but has not been complained of since. In 1889 it suddenly appeared in great num- 

 bers over a restricted area upon the Experimental Farm here. It was first observed 

 upon a clump of Pepper grass {Lepidium Virginicum), from this it spiead to almost 

 every cruciferous plant near this patch, attacking various garden flowers as well as 

 turnips silightly, and cabbages severely. Last season although sought for assiduously 

 not a specimen could be found. 



During 1889 also it was sent in by Mr. S. A. Bedford, the Superintendent of the 

 Experimental Farm for Manitoba. He had found it a most troublesome pest 

 amongst his cabbages at Brandon. It was also sent in from other parts of Manitoba ; 

 but did not occur last year. In August, 1890, Prof. Saunders sent me specimens 

 from the Experimental Faim for the North-West Territories at Indian Head with 

 the followiug letter : — "I send you herewith some small larvae and chrysalids of a 



