INSTITUTE AND COLLEGE, PUSA. FOfc 1913-14. 11 



ploughed by steam tackle and yet to leave a sufficient area 

 to employ the tackle to the limit of its capacity. There will 

 still, however, be some waste incurred in moving over consi- 

 derable distances from field to field. 



III. — Live-stock and Poultry. 



Breeding Herd. — As may be inferred from the reference 

 above to the herd of Montgomery cows, this herd has become 

 the pivot on which the policy of the farm turns. 



Started originally with the idea of preserving and 

 typing the Montgomery breed, and incidentally providing 

 the officials collected at Pusa with a pure milk supply, the 

 herd has grown with the expansion of the Institute and 

 the growing demand for milk from the large number of 

 inhabitants of the estate, — until it has taxed the capacity 

 of the farm to provide sufficient fodder for both the working 

 bullocks and tor the breeding herd. 



A partial solution has been found in the purchase or 

 the steam tackle, and it is proposed at the same time to 

 grade up the milk producing power of the herd by crossing 

 the poorest milkers with an Ayrshire bull. 



The product of this cross has been demonstrated by the 

 Military Dairies in Northern India to be exceedingly useful, 

 the heifers giving milk in amounts comparable with those 

 given by Ayrshire cows, while the bullocks make excellent 

 work cattle. 



There will therefore be maintained at Pusa, henceforth, 

 two herds ; one of selected milkers of the Montgomery breed ; 

 the other a herd of cross-bred Ayrshire-Montgomery cattle 

 which will, it is hoped, take its part in a comprehensive 

 scheme for improving the dairy cattle of India by cross 

 breeding. 



Should a considerable development of one or both of 

 these breeds be justified later on, it will be possible to 

 increase considerably the number of breeding cattle at Pusa, 

 owing to the economy of fodder effected by the use of the 

 steam tackle instead of bullocks for cultivation. 



