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healthy and conservative spirit. They should be voluntary associations, not 

 connected with any department of government. You will bring together 

 upon the same platform, the citizens of the several States. There were at the 

 great Empire State Fair at Rochester, New York, citizens from all the States 

 except three. The South Carolinian and the Vermonter were there; the Geor- 

 gian and the Ohioan. It was a very interesting sight to witness the southern 

 man examining the machine of the Vermonter for splitting shoe pegs, and in 

 turn the Vermonter giving his decided opinion upon the propriety of an im- 

 provement upon the machine for hulling cotton seed. 



By bringing togctlier, in this way, the people of the north and south, we 

 shall soon be able to forget those anti-American phrases, Northern and South- 

 ern rights, and will call them by that purer and higher term, American ric/his. 



We have had excitements in this country, from time to time, on various 

 subjects. The present excitement upon the subject of labor that is now be- 

 ginning to agitate the country, cannot pos.sibly do any harm, but much good. 

 It is to be most ardently desired, that it will take the place of that sectional 

 excitement, wliich has been felt, more or less, all over the land. 



The people of the nation want peace, and they are determinad to have it. 

 No man will be sustained that favors agitation. Throughout our own happy 

 State there is but one sentiment among the mass of the people; that is to 

 faithfully abide by the bond of our Union, the Constitution; abide by the 

 compromises, and to write upon the very lintels of our doors the sentiment : 

 That the first act of public disobedience to law is the first fatal step taken in 

 the downward road to Anarchy ! These are the sentiments of the mass of 

 the people west, yet there are men in the south and in the north, who go to 

 bed simmering, rise up in the morning boiling with rage and long yarns about 

 southern and northern rights — southern and northern injustice, and who al- 

 most name their children southern and northern. My opinion is that if these 

 men would devote a portion of their time and attention to the development 

 of northern and southern resources, to the elevation of the labor of their re- 

 spective countries, they would soon have southern and northern rights that 

 would maintain themselves. 



There is a State of this Union, almost the mother of States, one of the glo- 

 rious thirteen, not three hundred miles from our own happy State, if the peo- 

 ple of which, half a century or more ago, had turned their attention more to 

 the improvement of her soil, to the diversifying her labor, to the proper meth- 

 od of preserving her fields — dealt less in abstract theories, she would not 

 have, at this time, so much waste and unproductive land. She is, however, 

 now turning her attention in the proper direction — to the true source of 

 wealth — the development of her resources- In various parts of the old do- 

 minion is seen the Yankee with his clover fields, his patent rights; following 

 this the agricultural fairs, exciting the proper spirit of emulation among her 

 people. The husband works, the children and the wife labor; and soon will 

 be changed the face of the country. 



As rich as we suppose our soil to be, productive as it is, we should remem- 

 ber that our true policy is to adopt the system that icill preserve it. If we neg- 



