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thy, red top and clover, but the latter was the principal crop. 

 It was not, however, until late years that it had been intro- 

 duced, for the early settlers thought it was too far north for 

 clover. The mode of putting it in was to sow it on oats im- 

 mediately after the latter is harrowed in, at the rate of four 

 or five quarts to the acre. As soon as it was up, plaster of 

 Paris, from three pecks to a bushel to the acre, was sown over 

 it, which much improved both the clover and oats. Clover 

 could not be safely sown in the fall, for it was often destroy- 

 ed by the winter, and the danger in the spring was from 

 drought. The application of the plaster ought to be contin- 

 ued every spring following, at the rate of about a-half bushel 

 to the acre. It increases the growth of the crop, and its 

 effects can be seen even for three or four years after in the 

 increased yield of succeeding crops of grain. 



The clover was allowed to remain three years, and the 

 second growth suffered to grow up without being cut or pas- 

 tured, and turned under for wheat. He regarded it as the 

 most important grass of the State, for analysis showed that 

 it was more nutritious, it fattened stock more readily, and 

 was the only grass by which our worn out lands could be 

 resuscitated. He thought this State was emphatically a grain 

 growing State, and to sustain our lands such a fertilizer as 

 clover will always be required. Its cultivation, too, would 

 eventually cause the fallowing system to be abandoned, and 

 in its place would be substituted a profitable rotatiou of crops, 

 based upon clover. 



Mr. Bollman said that when timothy seed was sown for 

 meadows, it was difficult to get a good set. Before it could 

 spread sufficiently, weeds and the red top obtained such a 

 hold as to render the meadow not very profitable. One far- 

 mer had informed him that the seed alone had cost him two 

 dollars an acre, in his efforts to put in meadows. This diffi- 

 culty arose, he thought, from the manner in which the land 

 was put down. The custom in his county, (Monroe,) was 

 to sow the seed on wheat in the fall, or on oats in the spring. 



