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found its way over New York and into Pennsylvania, from 

 which State, and through the Patent Office, we have derived 

 it, and hence it is in some places here, called the Pennsylva- 

 nia Blue stem. Most of the Premiums awarded by the New 

 York Agricultural fairs, are taken by the cultivators of this 

 wheat. But from all accounts the most valuable variety yet 

 introduced, is the Australian wheat. Some farmers had in- 

 troduced it into Elkhart county the past fall from New York, 

 where it readily sold from five to six dollars per bushel. For 

 this wheat too, the country is indebted to the Patent Office. 

 And, here he desired to say that he hoped this part of the 

 General Government of our Union would soon be placed in 

 a condition by which it could be made more useful still to the 

 great agricultural interests of our country. 



Rotation in crops, he said, was an essential requisite to 

 profitable wheat cnlture. Clover and plaster must be resort- 

 ed to, in order that the fertility of the soil may be sustained. 



He would allude to but one other matter, and that was 

 the most proper time to cut wheat. This has long been a 

 controverted matter among agriculturists, and in order to 

 determine it, one of the heaviest wheat growers in his coun- 

 ty had made this experiment. Having a very large harvest 

 on hands and the indications being unfavorable for good 

 weather, he divided his fields into three portions, cutting the 

 first one very green — when it was yet in the soft dough state. 

 The second portion was cut at the usual time, and the third 

 when quite ripe. He had these kept separate, and ground 

 separate. That which was first cut, produced the best look- 

 ing wheat, and made the most and best flour. The last har- 

 vested was the worst looking — the grain being smaller, and 

 the flour darker. All of this wheat was ground by the best 

 millers in the north part of the State, and shipped to New 

 York. His own experience and observations were in accor- 

 dance with the results of this experiment. 



Mr. Williams of Knox, said that for many years it was 

 supposed that the bottom lands in the section of the S tate in 



