70 EXPERIMENTAL FARMS. 



From the figures in the table, it will be seen that five of the animals showed a 

 sufficient increase in temperature to justify the opinion that they were diseased. These 

 were killed on the following day, and on post-mortem examination all were found to be 

 tuberculous. In two of them the disease was in an advanced condition, in the other 

 three it was in its earlier stages. 



1. May Gwynne, Durham Cow, 9 years. — The entire interior surface of thorax and 

 abdomen was covered with granular grapy tubercular deposit, the liningof thediaphram, 

 the bowels, the entire surface of the lungs and nearly the whole surface of the liver was 

 similarly covered. The substance of both lungs was full of patches and lumps of 

 tubercle, most of which was in a caseous condition. The thoracic and mesenteric glands 

 were all considerably affected and contained caseous tubercle. Spots of tuberculous 

 matter were also freely distributed over both large and small intestines. There was no 

 evidence of tubercle in the udder. This was the worst case of the disease I have ever 

 met with. 



2. Cheam Gwynne, Durham Cow, 4 years. — Several patches of tuberculous matter 

 were found at the tips of both lungs. There were three small spots also on the liver, 

 one of which extended below the surface for nearly one inch. The thoracic and mesen- 

 teric glands were free from disease, but one of the salivary glands was slightly affected 

 with tubercle, there were also a few tubercular pustules on the intestines. The udder 

 was healthy. 



5. Durham Bull, 3J years. — The lungs showed no evidence of disease, but there 

 were two small patches of incipient tubercle on one lobe of the liver near the tip. One 

 of the thoracic glands was very much enlarged and filled with tuberculous matter 

 partly of a cheesy consistence and partly calcareous. There was a small tumour under 

 the skin of rump which contained small patches of tubercle in its earlier stages. 



6. Violet, Ayrshire Cow, 6 years. — The tip of one lobe of the lungs had a lump of 

 caseous tubercle imbedded in the tissues about the size of a walnut, otherwise the lungs 

 appeared to be healthy. One of the mesenteric glands was found enlarged and filled 

 with caseous tubercle. 



15. Netherland Prince, Holstein Bull, 3 \ years. — No tubercle was found in the 

 lungs. One of the thoracic glands was slightly tuberculous, and there were a few warty 

 tuberculous patches on the surface of the spleen. The inner lining of the diaphram was 

 coated with tubercular pustules, and on opening the liver a large abscess was found 

 containing about half a pint of creamy white tuberculous matter. The liver was also 

 grown to the side and to some of the adjacent organs. 



The five animals destroyed were all pure bred, three of them had been sent from 

 Ontario, and two from Manitoba. 



RELIABILITY OP TUBERCULIN AS AN INDICATOR. 



Including the animals reported on in Bulletin 20, opportunity has now been 

 given to test the reliability of the indications of tuberculin in connection with the 

 experimental farm work in 74 cases, in each one of which — excepting the doubtful case 

 reported on in Bulletin 20, p. 28 — the existence of the disease as indicated by the rise 

 in temperature has been demonstrated. 



TUBERCULOSIS SHOULD NOT BE CONFOUNDED WITH PLEURO PNEUMONIA. 



It is most unfortunate that so many intelligent people in the community, including 

 some members of the press, fail to realize that tuberculosis is a disease entirely distinct 

 from pleuro pneumonia. Pleuro pneumonia is a terribly contagious disease which when 

 once established in a herd carries its victims off suddenly and rapidly, while tuberculosis, 

 although contagious, is usually very slow in its workings, and an animal may have the 

 disease for years without its being manifested by any external symptoms. 



Pleuro pneumonia is essentially a lung disease under the influence of which the 

 • lungs become rapidly congested and very shortly loose the power of discharging their 

 natural functions, and the animal dies. 



