216 EXPERIMENTAL FARMS. 



some other cause than, the applications made to destroy the borers. He has kindly con- 

 sented to take up the investigation again next spring. 



There is no doubt that this is a difficult insect to control, and the usual recom- 

 mendation has been, in cases of bad attack, to cut down the trees and burn them. It 

 see • s to me, however, that less heroic measures will be found to meet the case ; for, 

 although this pest is very destructive in certain parts of the orchards in the Queens- 

 ton district, a great many of the trees are only slightly attacked and the whole-ale 

 destruction of them would entail much unnecessary loss. I believe that frequent ap- 

 plications of weak insecticidal or preventive washe-, perseveringly made at regular 

 intervals from the beginning of March to the end of May, and again when the beetles 

 appear in July and August, would prove effective. 



The greatest success may be expected from ordinary Kerosene emulsion (Riley- 

 Hubbard formula), reduced with 15 parts of water, linseed oil, whitewash and Paris 

 green, enough of the latter to give the wash a green tinge ; whitewash and carbolic acid, 

 one ounce to a pailful of wash ; and particularly the ordinary " Saunders Wash, " which 

 consists of soft soap reduced to the consistence of thick paint by the addition of a satu- 

 rated solution of washing soda in water. If applied during the morning of a warm day,this 

 will dry in a few hours, and form a tenacious coating not easily dissolved by rain. As a 

 preventive wash, this has been found excellent upon young apple trees, and should be 

 applied to all fruit trees as a regular horticultural method every year. It could not 

 injure even young peach trees. I believe that a satisfactory remedy for the Peach Bark- 

 borer will depend largely on beginning operations early enough in the spring. Our 

 present knowledge of the subject would indicate the 1st of March to be about the proper 

 date. 



Since the above was written, the following important communication from G. 0. 

 Snow, New York, to the American Agriculturist has appeared in their issue of January 

 5, 1895 :— 



" Experience with the Shot-hole Peach borer. 



" Two years ago I had several peach trees infested with the Shot-hole borer of the 

 peach, strong, well-loaded early Orawfords. Under directions given by Dr. Lintner I 

 applied kerosene with an atomizer twice thoroughly , the object being to get the kero- 

 sene in the holes as far as possible. The application was from the ground up to and as 

 far on the large branches as the beetles were at work. The trunk was saturated. The 

 kerosene, apparently, did not kill the beetles or injure the trees. There were five in- 

 fested. However, one tree ripened its fruit prematurely, presenting all the characte- 

 ristics of the yellows, except habit of growth. That tree died in the fall, I believe, from 

 the damage by the beetles, the other trees ripened their fruit at the proper time, but it 

 was of no flavour or value, though fairly good in appearance. These trees came out as 

 well as ever the next spring and are in fine health yet. Some other trees were slightly 

 affected at that time. Since then I have had no trouble from the attacks of the beetles. 

 I wash all trees thoroughly in the spring with the usual material, with the addition of 

 carbolic acid." 



THE SPOTTED PARIA. 



(Paria sex-notata, Say, Fig. 17). 



Attack. — Small, shining brown beetles, shaped as in the figure — £ of an 



inch in length ; varying much in colour and markings, but in the commonest 



form having honey -yellow wing-cases, each bearing two large black blotches ; 



■p. "i 7 _The thorax reddish brown ; eyes black ; legs yellow. In many specimens the 



Spotted Paria, markings cover the greater part of the wing-cases ; and in some, not only 



life size and the wing-cases, but the thorax as well, is entirely black. All of these 



enlarged. varieties occur together on the same plant. 



The attacks reported this year have been only on raspberries, but occasionally the 

 strawberry also is injured. The damage is done early in the season at the time of the 

 bursting of the buds of the raspberry, and is frequently serious. 



