MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 95 



THE DIvSTRIBUTION OF MUSHROOMS AT NEGAUNEE, MICHI- 

 GAN. 



ROSE M. TAYLOR. 



During- the siiinmer of 1009, it was the ]ilea&iire of the writer to do 

 some work collecting- Mushrooms iu the vicinity of Negaunee, Michi- 

 gan, under the direction of Dr. C. H. KaufPman. This work was carried 

 on during the months of July and August. It rained almost continu 

 o'usly the first two weeks of July and at frequent intervals from that 

 time on, until the end of August. Thus, conditions were unusnally 

 favorable for the gTowtli of Fungi. Altho a few Ascomycetes were identi- 

 fied, the collecting- was confined to the Hjanenomycetes only. 



My thanks are due to Dr. E. R. Downing of the Marquette Northern 

 Normal for the generous use of his laboratory and the Normal library. 



After making- several excursions to the i>rincipal woods around Ne- 

 gaunee, three definite regions, — because of their diversity of elevation, 

 woods, and moisture, — were selected as the chief collecting gTounds. 

 These regions may be designated (1) The Iron Clitf Region, {'2) The 

 Deer Lake Region, and (3) Mud Lake Region. 



First, the Iron Cliff' Region, which lies to the southwest of Negaunee 

 and about a mile distant from the city, is characterized by a succession 

 of very high hills, Avith intervening valleys traversed by small streams 

 or often by swampy ravines. These hills enclose a low plain, dotted 

 with a chain of numerous small lakes Avhich are fed by the streams 

 from the surrounding region. A road winds in and out among the hills 

 and covers a distance of about six miles. The slopes are densely 

 clothed with a virgin forest of hardwoods, suck as, Poplar, Hard Maple, 

 W-hite Birch, Ash, and a few Oaks. Here and there are a few clumjis 

 of conifers. The side hills and ravines are strewn with moist and rotted 

 logs. During moist weather, the higher ground proved the better col- 

 lecting place while the swamps and ravines were the more fruitful in 

 dry weather. 



Both Agaricaceae and Polyporaceae are common to this region. On 

 the higher sIojjcs, where there is little debris and the woods are more 

 open, one finds different species of Cantherellus, Flammula, Clytocybe, 

 and Entoloma. Among these are also a few unreported species of Nau- 

 coria, Nolanea, and Hypholoma. Along the roadside and in the more 

 open ])laces of the lower slopes, several species of Coprinus grow in 

 profusion. Here too, Mycenae and a few species of Pleurotus are thick 

 on old logs of maple and birch. In the lower ravines Pholiotae are 

 numerous on logs and sometimes at the base of live maple trees. This 

 entire region is marked by a scarcity of Lactarii, Amanitae, Russulae 

 and Cortinarii, Among the Polyporaceae, — several species of Fomes, 

 Polyporus, Polystictus, and Gleosporus are abundant. The Clavaria- 

 ceae are very common on the rotted logs in the ravines and on the lower 

 sloi>es, but do not ajqiear until August. 



The second Region mentioned, Deer Lake, lies to the northeast of Ne- 



