PREFACE 



The exercises likely to present special prob- 

 lems — notably those in microbiology and elec- 

 trophysiology — have detailed appendices that 

 include information on sources of materials, 

 apparatus, and prices. The prices are as of 

 1961-62 and are of course subject to change. 



When we first began to prepare this course, 

 we asked advice of many persons, and ex- 

 amined many other laboratory manuals. We 

 should like to thank all those who generously 

 contributed their advice and information. 



We should like also to express our deep ap- 

 preciation to the National Science Foundation, 

 which through a generous grant of funds gave us 

 the opportunity to explore the possibilities in 

 this type of instruction far beyond what would 

 otherwise have been possible. We should like 

 particularly to acknowledge our indebtedness 

 to Dr. Bowen C. Dees, Assistant Director of the 

 Division of Scientific Personnel and Education 

 of the N.S.F., and to Dr. Charles A. Whitmer, 

 Head of the Course Content Improvement Sec- 



tion. The help we have received from the 

 National Science Foundation implies a public 

 obligation which we gladly accept and are 

 anxious to fulfill. We shall be glad to help in 

 any way we can with the use of this manual 

 and the institution of this type of instruction in 

 biology. 



It hardly needs saying, however, that we need 

 more help than we can provide. The present 

 contents of this manual represent little more than 

 work in progress. We are anxious to improve it, 

 and would be most grateful to hear from any of 

 our readers their criticisms, suggestions for im- 

 proving the present experiments, and suggestions 

 of new experiments. 



Cambridge, 1962 



G. W. 

 P. A. 

 J. E. D. 

 J. H. 

 S. L. 



