Developing Into Social Order 



even loo years from now, will be discussing the crude 

 methods we are now using. 



Let us return again to the little clearing In the valley 

 forest. Primitive man had no sharp edged steel tools with 

 which he could fell the giant trees to make room for his 

 little garden of grain, but he had learned long ages before 

 that fire will consume wood and he set about building brush 

 fires about them which were continued burning until their 

 supporting trunks were eaten away and the trees fell for lack 

 of support. He had learned that plants require sunshine 

 and that the tall trees had crowded out their more feeble 

 relatives In reaching after It, and that by destroying the 

 trees, the plants that furnished him food would have a 

 better chance. 



As the clearings widened, the pointed stick, the flint 

 spade and the clam shell hoe were no longer sufiicient to stir 

 the soil which it was necessary for him to cultivate in order 

 to secure the necessary amount of food supply. Hand dig- 

 ging required long days of toil and muscular force and it 

 did not meet the requirements of the growing tribes. He 

 had tamed and domesticated some of the wild horses and 

 used them In pursuing his game. He had also tamed and 

 domesticated some of the wild cattle and these In turn 

 had furnished him with a supply of milk. They each 

 possessed greater muscular strength than man possessed 

 and he now conceived the idea of using their muscular 

 forces to aid him in his struggle for food. He fitted har- 

 ness made of animal skin about their bodies and hitched 

 them to a wooden plow and with this arrangement he 



[45] 



