CHAPTER XXIII. 



The Evidence Furnished by Anthropology. 



T N the jungle forests of early mammalian life, there were 

 ^ many perils that required much cunning to escape. Many 

 of the weaker of this class took to a life in the treetops as 

 a means of safety. True to evolutionary law, this new 

 environment began to change the form and functions of their 

 body members. Their brains began to develop and to devise 

 schemes that would outwit their enemies. The toes on their 

 forefeet began to grow into fingers sensitive to touch which 

 enabled them to grasp and hold on to the branches of the 

 trees and to hold the fruit and nuts while it was eaten in 

 safety while they were perched upon a limb. Their fore- 

 feet became both combination hands and feet. This new 

 environment had obviated the necessity for a keen sense of 

 smell and, as a consequence, their long fox-like noses began 

 to shorten and their sharp and pointed ears began to grow 

 flatter and more round. At some time and place, we know 

 not where nor when, the ancestors of man and the ancestors 

 of monkeys parted company. One took one road and one 

 another but both roads led in the same direction. That they 

 were both tree dwellers, we are sure. Presently, the great 

 apes appear upon the scene. Their fossil remains are found 

 in many parts of the world. Their brains, in proportion to 

 the size of their bodies, is much larger than the brains of any 

 other known mammal up to this time. Their jaw bones are 

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