106 



FACTORS AFFECTING CILIARY ACTIVITY 



in the tissues of oyster gills (Usuki and Okamura, 1956); in DNP 

 there was also a reduction in the concentration of fructose- 1-6- 

 diphosphate below the normal level. Azide inhibits the ciliary 

 activity of oyster gills (Usuki, 1956b) and has been shown to 

 reduce both the frequency and the metachronal wave velocity of 

 lateral cilia of Mytilus gills to about one-third of their normal 



Dehydrogenase 



—Sometimes ADP- 



►ATP 



Reduced Co I 



ADP- 



-ATP 



Oxidized Flavoprotein Reduced^Flavoprotein 



ADP— ►ATP 



Reduced Cytochrome C Oxidized Cvtochrome C 



Cytochrome 

 Oxidase 



-- ADP— ►ATP 



Fig. 28. The coupling of oxidation to phosphorylation. The 

 dehydrogenase enzymes may transfer hydrogen through 

 coenzymes (Co I or Co II in Figs. 26 and 27) or directly to 

 later stages in the chain shown. Numbers of stages are again 



used for reference in the text. 



values at a concentration of 0-01 mol (Aiello, 1960). DNP 

 increases the oxygen consumption, but depresses ciliary activity 

 of Mytilus gills (Weller and Ronkin, 1952; Aiello, 1960) and 

 inhibits the cihary activity of oyster gills (Usuki, 1956c). Both 

 DNP and azide reduce sperm activity (Mann, 1954). 



