100 THE CASE AGAINST EVOLUTION 



than mineral strata, whose order of succession being every- 

 where the same enables us to discriminate with precision and 

 certainty between cases of distribution in time and cases of 

 distribution in space. 



In his response to the second question, Professor Price ad- 

 duces numerous factual arguments, which show that the 

 invariable order of sequence postulated by the theory of the 

 time-value of index fossils, not only finds no confirmation 

 in the actual or concrete sequences of fossiliferous rocks, but 

 is often directly contradicted thereby. ''Older" rocks may 

 occur above "younger" rocks, the ''youngest" may occur in 

 immediate succession to the "oldest," Tertiary rocks may be 

 crystalline, consolidated, and "old in appearance," while Cam- 

 brian and even pre-Cambrian rocks sometimes occur in a soft, 

 incoherent condition, that gives them the physical appearance 

 of being as young as Pleistocene formations. These exceptions 

 and objections to the "invariable order" of the fossiliferous 

 strata accumulate from day to day, and it is only by means 

 of Procrustean tactics of the most drastic sort that the facts 

 can be brought into any semblance of harmony with the cur- 

 rent dogmas, which base geology upon evolution rather than 

 evolution upon geology. 



Price, then, proposes for serious consideration the possi- 

 bility that Cretaceous dinosaurs and even Tertiary mammals 

 may have been living on the land at the same time that the 

 Cambrian graptolites and trilobites were living in the seas. 

 "Who," he exclaims, "will have the hardihood, the real dog- 

 matism to affirm in a serious way that Cambrian animals and 

 seaweeds were for a long time the only forms of life existing 

 anywhere on earth?" Should we, nevertheless, make bold 

 enough to aver that for countless centuries a mere few of the 

 lower forms of life monopolized our globe, as one universal 

 habitat unpartitioned into particular biological provinces or 

 zones, we are thereupon confronted with two equally unwel- 

 come alternatives. We must either fly in the face of experience 

 and legitimate induction by denying the existence in the past of 



